Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between essential and nonessential amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Essential amino acids must be obtained from the diet, while nonessential amino acids can be synthesized by the body.

Question 2

A patient recovering from major surgery is in a state where protein synthesis exceeds protein breakdown. What is this state called?

Accepted Answer

Positive nitrogen balance

Question 3

Which of the following foods is considered a complete protein?

Accepted Answer

Eggs

Question 4

Calculate the protein requirement for a 70 kg adult using the standard recommendation of 0.8 g protein/kg/day. Provide your answer in grams.

Accepted Answer

$$0.8 	imes 70 = 56$$ grams

Question 5

Which of the following is a likely nutrient deficiency in a poorly planned vegan diet?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Question 6

A child presents with edema, irritability, and an enlarged liver after being weaned from breast milk to a diet low in protein but adequate in calories. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Kwashiorkor

Question 7

Which of the following statements about protein digestion is correct?

Accepted Answer

The principal site of protein digestion is the small intestine.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of protein in the body?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 9

A vegetarian who consumes dairy but no eggs or meat is following which type of diet?

Accepted Answer

Lacto-vegetarian

Question 10

Which of the following scenarios would most likely result in a negative nitrogen balance?

Accepted Answer

A patient with severe burns

Question 11

Which of the following combinations provides complementary proteins for a vegetarian diet?

Accepted Answer

Rice and beans

Question 12

Which organ is primarily responsible for removing nitrogen from amino acids and forming urea?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Question 13

A 60 kg athlete is recommended to consume 1.5 g protein/kg/day. How much protein should they consume daily?

Accepted Answer

$$1.5 	imes 60 = 90$$ grams

Question 14

Which of the following is a potential risk associated with excessive protein intake, according to some studies?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of osteoporosis

Question 15

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of marasmus?

Accepted Answer

Severe muscle and fat wasting

Question 16

Which of the following is a lean protein source?

Accepted Answer

Skinless chicken breast

Question 17

Which nutrient is NOT typically a concern for deficiency in a vegetarian diet?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A

Question 18

Which of the following best describes protein turnover?

Accepted Answer

The process of breaking down and resynthesizing proteins in the body

Question 19

Which of the following is a recommendation from the American Cancer Society regarding protein intake?

Accepted Answer

Limit processed meat and red meat

Question 20

Which of the following statements about muscle building and protein intake is correct?

Accepted Answer

Both resistance training and adequate protein intake are necessary to increase muscle mass.

Chapter 4: Protein – Structure, Function, and Nutrition

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