Q: A food label lists the following per serving: 9g total fat, 3g saturated fat, 2g polyunsaturated fat, and 4g monounsaturated fat. What percentage of the total fat is saturated fat? Use the formula $$\text{Percent} = \frac{\text{Part}}{\text{Whole}} \times 100.$$

$$\frac{3}{9} \times 100 = 33.3\%$$

Question 1

Which of the following is the most common type of lipid found in both the human body and in foods?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides

Question 2

A patient is advised to increase their intake of omega-3 fatty acids for heart health. Which of the following foods would be the best source of EPA and DHA?

Accepted Answer

Salmon

Question 3

Which of the following statements best describes the function of bile in fat digestion?

Accepted Answer

Bile emulsifies fats, increasing their surface area for enzyme action.

Question 4

A food label lists the following per serving: 9g total fat, 3g saturated fat, 2g polyunsaturated fat, and 4g monounsaturated fat. What percentage of the total fat is saturated fat? Use the formula $$	ext{Percent} = \frac{	ext{Part}}{	ext{Whole}} 	imes 100.$$

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{3}{9} 	imes 100 = 33.3\%$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the process of hydrogenation?

Accepted Answer

Adding hydrogen atoms to unsaturated fats to make them more solid

Question 6

Which lipoprotein is primarily responsible for transporting cholesterol from the liver to the tissues, and is often referred to as 'bad cholesterol'?

Accepted Answer

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

Question 7

A patient has high LDL cholesterol and wants to reduce it through diet. Which of the following changes would be most effective?

Accepted Answer

Replace saturated fats with unsaturated fats

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Acting as enzymes to catalyze reactions

Question 9

A person following the Mediterranean diet is likely to consume high amounts of which type of fat?

Accepted Answer

Monounsaturated fats

Question 10

Which of the following statements about essential fatty acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

They must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot synthesize them.

Question 11

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for breaking down triglycerides in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Lipase

Question 12

A patient is concerned about mercury in fish but wants to benefit from omega-3 fatty acids. Which of the following is the best advice?

Accepted Answer

Choose fatty fish lower in mercury, such as salmon and sardines.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the structure of a saturated fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

Contains no double bonds between carbon atoms

Question 14

The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for fat is:

Accepted Answer

20-35% of total calories

Question 15

Which of the following is a heart-healthy source of fat?

Accepted Answer

Avocado

Question 16

A person consumes a meal high in fat. Which of the following correctly describes the sequence of fat digestion and absorption?

Accepted Answer

Fat is emulsified by bile, digested by lipase, absorbed as micelles, and transported as chylomicrons.

Question 17

Which of the following dietary patterns is most effective in reducing the risk of atherosclerosis?

Accepted Answer

Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and unsaturated fats

Question 18

Which of the following statements about cholesterol is true?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol is a sterol that is produced by the liver and found in animal products.

Question 19

A patient wants to lower their risk of heart disease. Which of the following changes would be LEAST effective?

Accepted Answer

Increasing intake of trans fats

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why trans fats are considered harmful to heart health?

Accepted Answer

They increase LDL cholesterol and decrease HDL cholesterol.

Chapter 5: Fats, Oils, and Other Lipids – Study Guide

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