Disorders of Swallowing: Evaluation and Management

Which phase of swallowing is primarily responsible for preventing the bolus from entering the nasal cavity, and what anatomical structure is involved?

A patient with dysphagia after a stroke exhibits slow tongue movements, reduced hyolaryngeal elevation, and silent aspiration of thin liquids. Which compensatory strategy is most likely to reduce aspiration risk for this patient?

Which of the following is a common etiology of pediatric dysphagia that results in an inability to create negative intraoral pressure, leading to nasopharyngeal regurgitation?