Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of energy balance in human nutrition?

Accepted Answer

Energy balance is achieved when the number of calories consumed equals the number of calories expended.

Question 2

A 25-year-old woman has a height of 1.65 m and a weight of 68 kg. Calculate her BMI and determine her weight status according to standard BMI categories. Use the formula $$ BMI = \frac{weight\ (kg)}{$$height^2$$\ (m^2$)} .$$

Accepted Answer

BMI = 24.98; she is in the healthy weight range.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a component of total energy expenditure (TEE)?

Accepted Answer

Body mass index (BMI)

Question 4

A person consumes 2,500 kcal per day. Their basal metabolic rate (BMR) is 1,500 kcal, thermic effect of food (TEF) is 250 kcal, and physical activity accounts for 600 kcal. What is their total energy expenditure (TEE)? Use the formula $$ TEE = BMR + TEF + Physical\ Activity .$$

Accepted Answer

Question 5

Which body fat distribution pattern is most strongly associated with increased risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Apple-shaped (central obesity)

Question 6

Which of the following factors is LEAST likely to affect body weight?

Accepted Answer

Blood type

Question 7

A person’s Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) is calculated using several variables. Which of the following is NOT typically included in the EER calculation?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure

Question 8

Which hormone is produced in fat tissue and signals the brain to decrease hunger and food intake?

Accepted Answer

Leptin

Question 9

Which of the following strategies is recommended by the National Institutes of Health for overweight individuals to lose weight healthfully?

Accepted Answer

Reducing calorie intake by 500 to 1,000 kcal per day

Question 10

Which of the following is a warning sign of disordered eating?

Accepted Answer

Avoidance of social situations involving food

Question 11

A patient is considering bariatric surgery for obesity. Which of the following is a potential risk associated with this procedure?

Accepted Answer

Deficiencies in vitamin B12, iron, and calcium

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why losing 5 to 10 percent of body weight can reduce health risks?

Accepted Answer

It can lower blood pressure, cholesterol, and risk of diabetes.

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the thermic effect of food (TEF)?

Accepted Answer

TEF is the energy required to digest, absorb, and process food.

Question 14

A person’s BMR accounts for approximately what percentage of their total daily energy needs?

Accepted Answer

60%

Question 15

Which of the following environmental factors is most likely to increase calorie intake and risk of weight gain?

Accepted Answer

Eating while watching television

Question 16

Which of the following is a recommended strategy for maintaining weight loss?

Accepted Answer

Regular physical activity and monitoring food intake

Question 17

A person’s Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) is calculated as follows: $$ EER = BMR 	imes Physical\ Activity\ Factor . If a $$person’s BMR is 1,400 kcal and their physical activity factor is 1.5, what is their EER?

Accepted Answer

EER = 2,100 kcal

Question 18

Which of the following is a behavioral modification that can help with weight loss?

Accepted Answer

Keeping a food log to track eating patterns

Question 19

Which of the following statements about disordered eating is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Disordered eating can include restrictive eating, binge eating, and purging.

Question 20

Which of the following foods is most likely to promote satiety and help with weight management?

Accepted Answer

Whole grains and vegetables

Energy Balance and Healthy Weight Management: Key Concepts for Nutrition Students

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