Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of energy balance as illustrated in the first image (the balance scale with a person eating and a person running)?

Accepted Answer

Energy balance is achieved when the calories consumed from food equal the calories expended by the body through basal metabolism, activity, and thermic effect of food.

Question 2

Based on the second image (pie charts of energy expenditure), which component of total energy expenditure increases the most in a physically active person compared to a sedentary person?

Accepted Answer

Activity

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation for Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Accepted Answer

$$BMI = \frac{weight\ (kg)}{(height\ (m))^2$}$$

Question 4

A male has a waist circumference of 110 cm. According to the study materials, what health risk is he most likely to face?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke, and diabetes due to excess visceral fat.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the thermic effect of food (TEF) is correct?

Accepted Answer

TEF accounts for approximately 10% of daily energy intake and represents the energy required for digestion, absorption, and storage of nutrients.

Question 6

Which of the following is a major risk associated with excess visceral fat, as shown in the third image?

Accepted Answer

Higher incidence of heart disease and type 2 diabetes.

Question 7

According to the study materials, which of the following is NOT a component of total energy expenditure (TEE)?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin absorption

Question 8

A 70-kg male has approximately how many kilocalories stored as triglycerides in adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

115,000 kcal

Question 9

Which hormone, produced by the stomach, stimulates food intake?

Accepted Answer

Ghrelin

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the set-point theory?

Accepted Answer

Body weight remains relatively stable for long periods despite periodic changes in energy intake or output.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)?

Accepted Answer

Fidgeting while sitting at a desk

Question 12

Based on the fourth image (portion sizes), which environmental factor has contributed to the rising rates of obesity?

Accepted Answer

Increased portion sizes of high-calorie foods

Question 13

Which of the following is a plausible outcome of weight cycling, as depicted in the fifth image?

Accepted Answer

Rapid weight loss followed by rapid weight gain, often accompanied by feelings of shame and guilt.

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of an obesogenic environment?

Accepted Answer

Promotes weight gain by encouraging overeating and physical inactivity.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about BMI is correct?

Accepted Answer

A BMI of 27 $$kg/m^2 is $$classified as overweight.

Question 16

Which of the following is a long-term risk of excess body fat?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of certain cancers, such as endometrial and colorectal cancer.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes adaptive thermogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A change in energy expenditure induced by factors such as changes in ambient temperature and food intake.

Question 18

Which of the following is a recommended approach for individuals seeking help with weight management?

Accepted Answer

Work with a trained professional who considers psychological and hormonal components, not just the number on the scale.

Question 19

Which of the following is a common misconception about weight and health?

Accepted Answer

Skinny always means healthy.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of brown adipose tissue in energy expenditure?

Accepted Answer

It contains more mitochondria than white adipose tissue and is involved in futile cycling, which wastes energy.

Energy Balance and Weight Management: Key Concepts and Applications

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