Q: A male patient has a waist circumference of 105 cm and a hip circumference of 100 cm. Calculate his waist-to-hip ratio.

$$Waist\text{-}to\text{-}hip\ ratio = \frac{105}{100} = 1.05$$

Q: A 40-year-old woman weighs 70 kg, is 1.7 meters tall, and has a physical activity (PA) value of 1.12. Calculate her Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) using the formula for adult females: $$EER = 354 - [6.91 \times age (y)] + PA \times [9.36 \times wt (kg) + 726 \times ht (m)].$$

$$EER = 354 - [6.91 \times 40] + 1.12 \times [9.36 \times 70 + 726 \times 1.7] = 354 - 276.4 + 1.12 \times [655.2 + 1234.2] = 77.6 + 1.12 \times 1889.4 = 77.6 + 2116.13 = 2193.73$$

Question 1

A 25-year-old female weighs 60 kg and is 1.65 meters tall. Calculate her Body Mass Index (BMI) using the appropriate formula.

Accepted Answer

$$BMI = \frac{60}{(1.65)^2$} = 22.0$$

Question 2

Which of the following is a limitation of using BMI as an indicator of health?

Accepted Answer

BMI does not account for fat distribution in the body.

Question 3

Which method is considered a better predictor of disease risk than BMI alone?

Accepted Answer

Waist-to-hip ratio

Question 4

A male patient has a waist circumference of 105 cm and a hip circumference of 100 cm. Calculate his waist-to-hip ratio.

Accepted Answer

$$Waist	ext{-}to	ext{-}hip\ ratio = \frac{105}{100} = 1.05$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about basal metabolic rate (BMR) is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

BMR accounts for 50–70% of daily energy expenditure.

Question 6

Which hormone is produced by fat tissue and signals satiety to the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Leptin

Question 7

A 40-year-old woman weighs 70 kg, is 1.7 meters tall, and has a physical activity (PA) value of 1.12. Calculate her Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) using the formula for adult females: $$EER = 354 - [6.91 	imes age (y)] + PA 	imes [9.36 	imes wt (kg) + 726 	imes ht (m)].$$

Accepted Answer

$$EER = 354 - [6.91 	imes 40] + 1.12 	imes [9.36 	imes 70 + 726 	imes 1.7] = 354 - 276.4 + 1.12 	imes [655.2 + 1234.2] = 77.6 + 1.12 	imes 1889.4 = 77.6 + 2116.13 = 2193.73$$

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a physiological or genetic influence on energy intake?

Accepted Answer

Portion size of food served

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a positive energy balance?

Accepted Answer

Energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, leading to storage or growth.

Question 10

Which eating disorder is characterized by an unhealthy obsession with eating only healthy foods, often leading to malnutrition?

Accepted Answer

Orthorexia nervosa

Question 11

A person who is underweight is at increased risk for which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Question 12

Which of the following is a key recommendation from the Health at Every Size® movement?

Accepted Answer

Focus on intuitive eating and reducing weight stigma.

Question 13

Which of the following is a behavioral influence on energy intake?

Accepted Answer

Mood and emotions

Question 14

Which of the following is a recommended strategy for meeting nutritional needs according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

Accepted Answer

Choose nutrient-dense foods and beverages.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a component of total energy expenditure (TEE)?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin absorption

Question 16

Which of the following is a key guideline for adults from the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans?

Accepted Answer

Engage in muscle-strengthening activities at least two days per week.

Question 17

Which eating disorder is most likely to result in severe erosion of tooth enamel due to frequent vomiting?

Accepted Answer

Bulimia nervosa

Question 18

Which of the following is a societal factor that can decrease average daily energy expenditure?

Accepted Answer

Increased use of cars for transportation

Question 19

Which of the following is a primary sign of anorexia nervosa?

Accepted Answer

Extreme dieting and fear of being overweight

Question 20

Which of the following is a chronic disease risk associated with binge eating disorder?

Accepted Answer

Type 2 diabetes

Energy Balance, Body Weight, and Eating Disorders: Study Notes for Nutrition Students

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