Question 1

Relative to body weight, how do an infant's nutrient needs compare to those of an adult?

Accepted Answer

Infants need roughly double that of an adult.

Question 2

Which of the following is a primary reason why fat should not be limited in an infant's diet during the first year of life?

Accepted Answer

Fat provides most of the energy in breast milk and formula, supporting rapid brain growth.

Question 3

A mother is unable to breastfeed due to a medical condition. Which of the following is TRUE regarding infant formula as an alternative?

Accepted Answer

Formula should be iron-fortified to meet infant needs.

Question 4

Which nutrient is routinely supplemented at birth due to the sterile gut of newborns?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Question 5

A 7-month-old infant is exclusively breastfed. Which supplement is most critical to prevent rickets?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 6

Why is cow's milk not recommended for infants under 1 year of age?

Accepted Answer

It is a poor source of iron and may increase the risk of iron deficiency.

Question 7

Which of the following is a protective factor found in breast milk that helps regulate infant gut health?

Accepted Answer

Bifidus factors

Question 8

A 6-month-old infant is ready to start solid foods. Which food is LEAST likely to cause an allergic reaction and is recommended as a first food?

Accepted Answer

Rice cereal

Question 9

Which of the following is a risk associated with excessive supplementation of vitamin A and zinc in infants?

Accepted Answer

Possible increased risk for asthma and food allergies

Question 10

A child from a low-income family is at increased risk for lead toxicity. Which nutrient deficiencies increase this risk?

Accepted Answer

Calcium, zinc, vitamins C and D, and iron

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the relationship between iron deficiency and behavior in children?

Accepted Answer

Iron deficiency can impair attention span and learning ability before blood levels show deficiency.

Question 12

A 3-year-old child is a picky eater and only wants to eat one type of food for several days. What is the best parental response?

Accepted Answer

Allow the child to determine how much and whether to eat, as food jags are usually temporary.

Question 13

Which of the following is a key strategy for preventing childhood obesity?

Accepted Answer

Implementing multidimensional approaches including physical activity, psychological support, and healthy lifestyle habits

Question 14

During adolescence, which nutrients are especially important for bone growth?

Accepted Answer

Calcium and vitamin D

Question 15

A 14-year-old girl is experiencing rapid growth and has started menstruating. Which nutrient is she most at risk of being deficient in?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why adolescents are at increased risk for disordered eating?

Accepted Answer

Peer pressure, poor body image, and lack of awareness of long-term health consequences.

Question 17

A child experiences tingling in the mouth, swelling of the tongue, and difficulty breathing after eating peanuts. What is the most appropriate immediate intervention?

Accepted Answer

Administer an epinephrine injection.

Question 18

Which of the following foods should be avoided in infants under 1 year due to the risk of botulism?

Accepted Answer

Honey

Question 19

Calculate the protein requirement for a 7 kg infant in the first 6 months of life, given the recommendation is 9.1 grams/day. What is the protein requirement per kg per day?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{9.1\ 	ext{g}}{7\ 	ext{kg}} = 1.3\ 	ext{g/kg/day} $$

Question 20

A school-aged child skips breakfast regularly. Which of the following is a likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Reduced academic performance and increased risk of hunger

exam 4 Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

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