Q: If a meal contains 20g protein, 10g fat, and 50g carbohydrate, what percentage of total calories comes from protein? (Use $$4$$ kcal/g for protein and carbohydrate, $$9$$ kcal/g for fat)

Protein calories: $$20 \times 4 = 80$$ kcal; Total calories: $$80 + 90 + 200 = 370$$ kcal; Percentage: $$\frac{80}{370} \times 100 \approx 21.6\%$$

Q: A person consumes a meal containing 30g carbohydrate, 10g fat, and 5g protein. How many total kilocalories does this meal provide?

$$(30 \times 4) + (10 \times 9) + (5 \times 4) = 120 + 90 + 20 = 230$$ kcal

Question 1

Which of the following best defines nutrition?

Accepted Answer

The study of how food affects the body's structure and function.

Question 2

If a meal contains 20g protein, 10g fat, and 50g carbohydrate, what percentage of total calories comes from protein? (Use $$4$$ kcal/g for protein and carbohydrate, $$9$$ kcal/g for fat)

Accepted Answer

Protein calories: $$20 	imes 4 = 80$$ kcal; Total calories: $$80 + 90 + 200 = 370$$ kcal; Percentage: $$\frac{80}{370} 	imes 100 \approx 21.6\%$$

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 4

According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA's), which recommendation is emphasized for a healthy diet?

Accepted Answer

Limit intake of added sugars and saturated fats.

Question 5

Which of the following foods is considered a complete protein source?

Accepted Answer

Quinoa

Question 6

A patient presents with symptoms of fatigue, muscle weakness, and confusion. Lab results show low potassium levels. Which dietary habit is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Consuming a diet high in sodium and low in potassium-rich foods.

Question 7

Which process describes the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP, and does it require oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis; it does not require oxygen.

Question 8

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Accepted Answer

$$BMI = \frac{weight\ (kg)}{$$height^2$$\ (m^2$)}$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

Promotes healthy digestion and regular bowel movements.

Question 10

A person consumes a meal containing 30g carbohydrate, 10g fat, and 5g protein. How many total kilocalories does this meal provide?

Accepted Answer

$$(30 	imes 4) + (10 	imes 9) + (5 	imes 4) = 120 + 90 + 20 = 230$$ kcal

Question 11

Which vitamin deficiency is most likely to result in night blindness?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A

Question 12

Which of the following statements about fluid balance is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fluid balance is maintained by regulating fluid intake and output, as well as electrolyte concentrations.

Question 13

Which of the following is a major function of vitamin C?

Accepted Answer

Acts as an antioxidant and supports immune function.

Question 14

A person with a diet high in saturated fat and low in fiber is at increased risk for which condition?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular disease

Question 15

Which of the following is a micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 16

Which of the following is a primary function of dietary fat?

Accepted Answer

Provides energy and aids in absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.

Question 17

Which of the following is a consequence of inadequate fluid intake?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration, which can impair physical and cognitive performance.

Question 18

Which of the following factors increases basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

Accepted Answer

Increased muscle mass

Question 19

Which of the following is a symptom of iron-deficiency anemia?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue and weakness

Question 20

Which of the following statements about dietary supplements is correct?

Accepted Answer

Excessive intake of dietary supplements can increase the risk of toxicity.

NDT 2043 Final Exam Review: Comprehensive Study Notes for Nutrition

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