Question 1

Which dietary pattern is most strongly associated with lowering blood pressure, and what is a key characteristic of this diet?

Accepted Answer

DASH diet; emphasizes fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with microcytic anemia. Which nutrient deficiency is most likely responsible, and what is a common food source to address this?

Accepted Answer

Iron deficiency; lean red meat

Question 3

Which of the following statements about LDL and HDL is correct?

Accepted Answer

LDL delivers cholesterol to tissues, while HDL removes cholesterol from tissues

Question 4

A 30-year-old woman is planning a pregnancy. Which nutrient is especially important to prevent neural tube defects, and what is the recommended daily intake?

Accepted Answer

Folate; 400 mcg

Question 5

Calculate the BMI for a person who weighs 80 kg and is 1.75 m tall. Use the formula $$ BMI = \frac{weight\ (kg)}{$$height^2$$\ (m^2$)} .$$

Accepted Answer

BMI = 25.1

Question 6

Which of the following is a major function of dietary fiber in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Promotes satiety and supports digestive health

Question 7

A patient with a vegan diet is at increased risk for which nutrient deficiency, and what is a common symptom?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12 deficiency; neurological symptoms

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the AMDR (Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range) for carbohydrates in adults?

Accepted Answer

45-65% of total kcal

Question 9

A food label states that a product is a 'good source' of fiber. According to labeling terms, what percentage of the Daily Value (DV) does this represent?

Accepted Answer

10-19% DV

Question 10

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of negative energy balance?

Accepted Answer

A person consumes fewer calories than they expend, resulting in weight loss

Question 11

Which vitamin deficiency is most likely to cause night blindness, and what is a major food source to prevent it?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A deficiency; sweet potatoes

Question 12

A patient is found to have high blood cholesterol. Which dietary change is most effective in lowering LDL cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

Increase intake of soluble fiber

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Mediterranean diet?

Accepted Answer

High in fruits, vegetables, olive oil, and whole grains

Question 14

A 25-year-old male consumes 2,500 kcal per day. According to the AMDR, what is the recommended range of protein intake in grams per day? (Protein: 10-35% of kcal, 4 kcal/g)

Accepted Answer

63-219 grams

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of the hormone ghrelin?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates appetite and increases hunger

Question 16

A patient is taking a calcium supplement. Which factor could decrease their iron absorption?

Accepted Answer

Taking calcium supplements with iron

Question 17

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of kwashiorkor compared to marasmus?

Accepted Answer

Edema due to protein deficiency

Question 18

A food contains 10 grams of fat, 20 grams of carbohydrate, and 5 grams of protein. Calculate the total energy content in kilocalories. (Fat: 9 kcal/g, Carbohydrate: 4 kcal/g, Protein: 4 kcal/g)

Accepted Answer

165 kcal

Question 19

Which of the following is a primary function of HDL in the body?

Accepted Answer

Removes cholesterol from tissues and returns it to the liver

Question 20

Which of the following is a key recommendation for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Consume adequate folic acid before and during early pregnancy

NUTR 2351 Final Exam Study Guide: Comprehensive Nutrition Review

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