Q: A food contains 10 grams of fat, 5 grams of protein, and 20 grams of carbohydrate. Calculate the total energy content of this food in kilocalories ($$kcal). $$Use the following values: $$1\,g$$ fat = $$9\,kcal$$, $$1\,g$$ protein = $$4\,kcal$$, $$1\,g$$ carbohydrate = $$4\,kcal.$$

$$10 \times 9 + 5 \times 4 + 20 \times 4 = 90 + 20 + 80 = 190\,kcal$$

Q: A person consumes 2,000 kcal per day. According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR), what is the recommended range of calories from carbohydrates? (AMDR for carbohydrates: 45-65%)

$$2,000 \times 0.45 = 900\,kcal to$$ $$2,000 \times 0.65 = 1,300\,kcal$$

Q: A nutrition label states that a food contains 8g of fat, 4g of protein, and 12g of carbohydrate per serving. What percentage of the total calories comes from fat? (Use $$1\,g$$ fat = $$9\,kcal$$, $$1\,g$$ protein = $$4\,kcal$$, $$1\,g$$ carbohydrate = $$4\,kcal)$$

$$\frac{8 \times 9}{8 \times 9 + 4 \times 4 + 12 \times 4} \times 100 = \frac{72}{72 + 16 + 48} \times 100 = \frac{72}{136} \times 100 \approx 52.9\%$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the term 'nutrition'?

Accepted Answer

The science that studies food and how food nourishes our bodies and influences our health.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the six classes of nutrients essential for health?

Accepted Answer

Fiber

Question 3

A food contains 10 grams of fat, 5 grams of protein, and 20 grams of carbohydrate. Calculate the total energy content of this food in kilocalories ($$kcal). $$Use the following values: $$1\,g$$ fat = $$9\,kcal$$, $$1\,g$$ protein = $$4\,kcal$$, $$1\,g$$ carbohydrate = $$4\,kcal.$$

Accepted Answer

$$10 	imes 9 + 5 	imes 4 + 20 	imes 4 = 90 + 20 + 80 = 190\,kcal$$

Question 4

Which of the following statements about micronutrients is correct?

Accepted Answer

Micronutrients are required in small amounts and include vitamins and minerals.

Question 5

Which of the following is a characteristic of a healthful diet?

Accepted Answer

It contains adequate, moderate, balanced, and varied foods.

Question 6

Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 7

A person consumes 2,000 kcal per day. According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR), what is the recommended range of calories from carbohydrates? (AMDR for carbohydrates: 45-65%)

Accepted Answer

$$2,000 	imes 0.45 = 900\,kcal to$$ $$2,000 	imes 0.65 = 1,300\,kcal$$

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a phytochemical and a food source where it is found?

Accepted Answer

Flavonoids; found in berries and black tea

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between a vitamin and a mineral?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins are organic compounds, while minerals are inorganic elements.

Question 10

A nutrition label states that a food contains 8g of fat, 4g of protein, and 12g of carbohydrate per serving. What percentage of the total calories comes from fat? (Use $$1\,g$$ fat = $$9\,kcal$$, $$1\,g$$ protein = $$4\,kcal$$, $$1\,g$$ carbohydrate = $$4\,kcal)$$

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{8 	imes 9}{8 	imes 9 + 4 	imes 4 + 12 	imes 4} 	imes 100 = \frac{72}{72 + 16 + 48} 	imes 100 = \frac{72}{136} 	imes 100 \approx 52.9\%$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of dietary fiber in the human body?

Accepted Answer

It helps maintain bowel health by providing bulk and promoting regularity.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about probiotics and prebiotics?

Accepted Answer

Probiotics are live microorganisms that improve the intestinal microbial balance, while prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that stimulate the growth of probiotic bacteria.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a nutrient-dense food?

Accepted Answer

It is high in added sugars and saturated fats.

Question 14

A person wants to burn off 300 kcal by walking. If walking burns $$4\,kcal$$ per minute, how many minutes must the person walk?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{300}{4} = 75$$ minutes

Question 15

Which of the following is a major mineral required by the body in amounts greater than 100 mg/day?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a food group and its recommended daily amount according to MyPlate?

Accepted Answer

Vegetables: 2.5 cups

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why fat-soluble vitamins can be toxic if consumed in excess?

Accepted Answer

They are stored in body fat and can accumulate, unlike water-soluble vitamins that are excreted.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)?

Accepted Answer

It is the maximum daily intake unlikely to cause adverse health effects.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct example of a food source for carotenoids?

Accepted Answer

Carrots

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

Accepted Answer

To help Americans make healthy food choices and reduce risk of chronic disease.

Nutrition Fundamentals and Designing a Healthful Diet: Study Notes

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