$$500 \ \text{kcal/day} \times 7 \ \text{days} = 3500 \ \text{kcal/week}$$

Question 1

Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing hunger before a meal, and where is it secreted from?

Accepted Answer

Ghrelin, secreted from the stomach

Question 2

A patient with a genetic mutation that prevents leptin production is most likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Constant hunger, lethargy, and severe obesity

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the difference between hunger and appetite?

Accepted Answer

Hunger is a physiological need to eat, while appetite is a psychological desire for specific foods.

Question 4

Which hormone is secreted in response to fat or protein entering the small intestine and decreases hunger?

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Question 5

A person eats a meal high in fiber and water. Which of the following best explains why they feel full for longer?

Accepted Answer

Bulky meals distend the stomach, promoting satiety by sending signals to the brain.

Question 6

Which dietary approach is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and emphasizes whole foods and healthy fats?

Accepted Answer

Mediterranean Diet

Question 7

A person following the DASH diet should limit which of the following foods?

Accepted Answer

Fatty meats and sugar-sweetened beverages

Question 8

Which of the following statements about leptin in humans is correct?

Accepted Answer

Obese humans are often resistant to leptin, so it has little sustained effect on food intake.

Question 9

Which of the following foods would have the highest satiety value per calorie?

Accepted Answer

400 calories of vegetables

Question 10

A person is considering bariatric surgery for weight loss. Which of the following is a potential risk associated with this intervention?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of vitamin and mineral deficiencies

Question 11

Which equation correctly represents the energy deficit needed to lose 1 pound of body weight per week?

Accepted Answer

$$500 \ 	ext{kcal/day} 	imes 7 \ 	ext{days} = 3500 \ 	ext{kcal/week}$$

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why ultra-processed foods can lead to 'mindless munching' and overeating?

Accepted Answer

They are formulated with fat, sugar, and salt to override satiety signals.

Question 13

A person switches from eating peanuts to air-popped popcorn as a snack. For the same number of calories, what is the most likely effect?

Accepted Answer

They will consume more food volume and feel more full.

Question 14

Which of the following is a potential negative effect of a vegetarian or vegan diet if not properly planned?

Accepted Answer

Higher risk for nutrient deficiencies such as protein, iron, zinc, omega-3, and vitamin B12

Question 15

Which hormone is secreted from adipose tissue and signals the hypothalamus to suppress hunger?

Accepted Answer

Leptin

Question 16

A person is following a low-carbohydrate diet. Which of the following is a potential risk associated with this diet?

Accepted Answer

It may not meet the RDA for carbohydrates to provide glucose to the brain.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the main benefit of the DASH diet?

Accepted Answer

It lowers blood pressure and LDL cholesterol.

Question 18

Which of the following is a common misconception about intermittent fasting?

Accepted Answer

It guarantees rapid and permanent weight loss for everyone.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the hypothalamus in relation to hunger and satiety?

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus senses nutrient levels in the blood and regulates hunger and satiety.

Regulation of Food Intake and Dietary Approaches to Weight Management

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