Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between appetite and hunger?

Accepted Answer

Appetite is the psychological desire to eat, while hunger is the physical sensation associated with the need for food.

Question 2

A patient loses 10% of their body weight over six months. According to evidence-based guidelines, what is the recommended weekly rate of weight loss for overweight individuals?

Accepted Answer

$$0.5-1$$ pound per week

Question 3

Which hormone is secreted by adipose tissue and decreases hunger and food intake?

Accepted Answer

Leptin

Question 4

What is the primary physiological effect of cholecystokinin (CCK) and peptide YY (PYY) in the regulation of food intake?

Accepted Answer

They promote satiety by signaling the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus.

Question 5

Which enzyme is responsible for increasing lipogenesis in fat cells, and in which body region is its activity higher in women?

Accepted Answer

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL); hips and thighs

Question 6

A person who is underweight is at increased risk for which of the following psychological effects?

Accepted Answer

Irritability, anger, and depression

Question 7

Which of the following statements about adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hypertrophy refers to an increase in fat cell size, while hyperplasia refers to an increase in fat cell number.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why the number of fat cells in the body does not decrease after weight loss?

Accepted Answer

Fat cells shrink in size but their number remains constant.

Question 9

A person is trying to maintain weight loss. Which strategy is most effective according to research?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a high level of physical activity and regular self-weighing

Question 10

Which of the following is a potential downside to classifying obesity as a disease, according to the American Medical Association?

Accepted Answer

It may encourage more use of drugs and medical procedures rather than lifestyle changes.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the set point theory in weight management?

Accepted Answer

The body fights to remain at a specific body weight and opposes attempts at weight loss or gain.

Question 12

Which of the following environmental factors is most strongly associated with increased BMI in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Dining out frequently and consuming larger portion sizes

Question 13

A patient is prescribed orlistat for weight loss. What is the primary mechanism of action of this medication?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits fat absorption in the gastrointestinal tract

Question 14

Which hormone is secreted by the stomach and stimulates hunger, especially during fasting or on a low-kilocalorie diet?

Accepted Answer

Ghrelin

Question 15

A person wants to gain weight in a healthy way. Which of the following strategies is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Add 500 kilocalories per day and include resistance training to promote muscle gain.

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of adiponectin secreted by adipocytes?

Accepted Answer

Improves the body's response to insulin and enhances energy expenditure

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of protein in promoting satiety during weight management?

Accepted Answer

Protein promotes satiety by slowing gastric emptying and stimulating satiety hormones.

Question 18

A person consumes 500 kilocalories more than their daily energy requirement each day. According to the energy balance equation, how much weight would they gain in one week? Use $$1$$ pound $$= 3,500$$ kilocalories.

Accepted Answer

$$1$$ pound

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for healthy weight loss maintenance?

Accepted Answer

Eliminating all dietary fat

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why spot-reducing (targeting fat loss in specific body areas) does not work?

Accepted Answer

Fat loss occurs uniformly throughout the body and cannot be targeted to specific areas.

Weight Management: Nutrition Science and Strategies

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