What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms in (1,2-dichloroethene)?
A
Both carbon atoms are hybridized
B
One carbon is and the other is hybridized
C
Both carbon atoms are hybridized
D
Both carbon atoms are hybridized
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1
Identify the molecular structure of 1,2-dichloroethene (C2H2Cl2). It consists of two carbon atoms connected by a double bond, with each carbon also bonded to one hydrogen and one chlorine atom.
Recall that the hybridization of a carbon atom depends on the number of sigma bonds and lone pairs around it. For carbon atoms involved in a double bond, the hybridization is typically sp2 because one p orbital remains unhybridized to form the pi bond.
Count the regions of electron density (sigma bonds and lone pairs) around each carbon atom. Each carbon in 1,2-dichloroethene is bonded to three groups: one carbon (via a sigma bond in the double bond), one hydrogen, and one chlorine atom, totaling three sigma bonds.
Since each carbon has three sigma bonds and no lone pairs, the hybridization is sp2 for both carbons. This allows for trigonal planar geometry around each carbon and the formation of the pi bond from the unhybridized p orbital.
Conclude that both carbon atoms in 1,2-dichloroethene are sp2 hybridized, consistent with the presence of a carbon-carbon double bond and three substituents on each carbon.