Given the molecule (ethene), determine the hybridization and geometry around each carbon atom.
A
Each carbon is hybridized with tetrahedral geometry.
B
Each carbon is hybridized with trigonal planar geometry.
C
Each carbon is hybridized with linear geometry.
D
Each carbon is hybridized with trigonal planar geometry.
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1
Identify the molecular formula given: C\_2H\_4, which corresponds to ethene, a molecule with a carbon-carbon double bond.
Recall that the hybridization of a carbon atom depends on the number of regions of electron density (bonds and lone pairs) around it. For ethene, each carbon forms three sigma bonds: two with hydrogen atoms and one with the other carbon atom.
Since each carbon has three sigma bonds and one pi bond (from the double bond), the hybridization is sp\_2. This involves mixing one s orbital and two p orbitals to form three sp\_2 hybrid orbitals.
The geometry around each sp\_2 hybridized carbon is trigonal planar, meaning the atoms bonded to the carbon lie in a plane with approximately 120° bond angles.
Summarize that each carbon in ethene is sp\_2 hybridized and has trigonal planar geometry, which explains the planar structure and bond angles observed in the molecule.