Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between pKa and basicity for a drug molecule?

Accepted Answer

The larger the value of pKa, the stronger is the base.

Question 2

Why are basic drugs commonly administered as their hydrochloride salts?

Accepted Answer

Hydrochloride salts are water soluble, improving drug absorption.

Question 3

What happens when a drug solution containing a basic drug hydrochloride salt is co-administered with another drug that raises the pH?

Accepted Answer

The basic drug precipitates out of solution.

Question 4

Which electronic feature makes a compound less basic?

Accepted Answer

Delocalization of electrons in the conjugate base.

Question 5

Which of the following functional groups is most likely to be basic?

Accepted Answer

Alkylammonium (pKa 10-11)

Question 6

Which reagent is commonly used to oxidize primary alcohols to aldehydes?

Accepted Answer

Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC)

Question 7

What is the correct systematic name for the compound with the formula CH$$_3CH$_2$$CHO?

Accepted Answer

Propanal

Question 8

Which bond types make up the C=O double bond in aldehydes and ketones?

Accepted Answer

1 pi-bond and 1 sigma bond

Question 9

Why are aldehydes generally more reactive than ketones in nucleophilic addition reactions?

Accepted Answer

Aldehydes have a more polarized C=O bond due to fewer alkyl groups.

Question 10

What is the product of the nucleophilic addition of a Grignard reagent (RMgX) to an aldehyde followed by protonation?

Accepted Answer

An alcohol

Question 11

Which step occurs first in the nucleophilic addition of RMgX to an aldehyde?

Accepted Answer

Nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic property of ethers?

Accepted Answer

Ability to form hydrogen bonds with each other

Question 13

What is the bond angle in dimethyl ether?

Accepted Answer

$$112^\circ$$

Question 14

Which method is most useful for preparing ethers in the laboratory?

Accepted Answer

Williamson ether synthesis

Question 15

In the Williamson ether synthesis, which type of alkyl halide is preferred for the SN2 reaction?

Accepted Answer

Primary alkyl halide

Question 16

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used in drug formulations because:

Accepted Answer

It is an ether-based polymer with useful solubility properties.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct systematic name for the compound with the formula CH$$_3CH$_2$$COCH$$_2CH$_2CH$_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Hexan-3-one

Question 18

Which structural feature of ketones makes them less reactive than aldehydes in nucleophilic addition reactions?

Accepted Answer

Ketones have more electron-donating alkyl groups stabilizing the partial positive charge on the carbonyl carbon.

Question 19

Which of the following compounds is an example of a simple ether?

Accepted Answer

Isopropyl methyl ether

Bases, Aldehydes, Ketones, and Ethers: Structure, Reactivity, and Nomenclature

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