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Chapter 4: The Study of Chemical Reactions – Thermodynamics, Kinetics, and Mechanisms in Organic Chemistry

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Overview of Chemical Reactions

  • Recognizing Substitution Reactions.
    01:34
  • Recognizing Acid-Base Reactions.
    02:43
  • Recognizing Elimination Reactions.
    00:40

Radical Reaction

  • What are Radical Initiators?
    03:49
  • Heterolytic vs. Homolytic Bond Cleavage .
    04:39

Radical Stability

  • The radical stability trend.
    03:43
  • Determine which of the following radicals is the most stable.
    03:25

Free Radical Halogenation

  • The one reaction that alkanes will actually undergo.
    02:05
  • Explaining the following problem.
    00:34
  • Show the entire chain reaction mechanism.
    04:08

Energy Diagram

  • Favorability and rate of Free Energy Diagrams
    01:14
  • Favorability and rate of Free Energy Diagrams
    00:34
  • Favorability and rate of Free Energy Diagrams
    02:18

Gibbs Free Energy

  • Intermediates vs. Transition States
    06:55
  • Breaking down the different terms of the Gibbs Free Energy equation.
    05:02

Enthalpy

  • How to calculate enthalpy using bond dissociation energies.
    04:09
  • Calculating Enthalpies
    04:38

Entropy

  • 3 ways to increase entropy.
    07:11
  • Explaining what entropy is.
    02:46

Reaction Mechanism

  • How to tell if charged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:39
  • Nucleophile or Electrophile
    01:49
  • How to tell if uncharged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:48

Reaction Mechanism

  • How to tell if charged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:39
  • Nucleophile or Electrophile
    01:49
  • How to tell if uncharged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:48

Reaction Mechanism

  • How to tell if charged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:39
  • Nucleophile or Electrophile
    01:49
  • How to tell if uncharged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:48

Hammond Postulate

  • Defining the Hammond Postulate.
    01:30
  • Bromination explains the Hammond Postulate.
    02:58
  • Chlorination explains the Hammond Postulate.
    05:23