Question 1

Which of the following best describes the scientific method as presented in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

A systematic approach involving observation, formulation of a problem, hypothesis, experimentation, and evaluation of results.

Question 2

Eratosthenes estimated the diameter of the Earth by measuring the angle of the Sun's rays at two different locations. Which scientific principle did he primarily use?

Accepted Answer

The concept of similar triangles and proportional reasoning.

Question 3

A scientist observes that the length of a metal rod increases linearly with temperature. Which type of mathematical relationship best models this observation?

Accepted Answer

Direct relationship

Question 4

Which of the following statements about scientific theories and laws is correct?

Accepted Answer

A scientific theory is a well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations.

Question 5

If the area $$A of a $$rectangle is to remain constant, what is the relationship between its length $$L$$ and width $$W$$?

Accepted Answer

$$L$$ and $$W$$ are inversely proportional.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the scientific attitude?

Accepted Answer

Dogmatic adherence to tradition

Question 7

A student claims to have discovered a new physical law but cannot provide experimental evidence. According to the scientific method, what is the status of this claim?

Accepted Answer

It is considered a hypothesis until supported by experiment.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between science and technology as outlined in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Science is concerned with gathering and organizing knowledge, while technology applies that knowledge for practical purposes.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct SI base unit and its physical quantity?

Accepted Answer

Second – time

Question 10

A graph shows that as the distance from a light source increases, the intensity of light decreases following $$I \propto \frac{1}{r^2$}. $$What type of relationship is this?

Accepted Answer

Inverse square relationship

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of pseudoscience as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

A belief system that makes untestable claims and lacks empirical support.

Question 12

Which metric prefix corresponds to $$10^{-6}$$?

Accepted Answer

micro-

Question 13

A supermarket displays a graph showing the price of apples as a function of their weight, and the graph is a straight line through the origin. What does this indicate about the relationship between price and weight?

Accepted Answer

Price and weight are directly proportional.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of mathematics in science, according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Mathematics provides a precise language for expressing scientific ideas and relationships.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental physical quantity in the SI system?

Accepted Answer

Force

Question 16

A scientist is testing a new drug and finds that the results are not consistent with the initial hypothesis. What is the most scientific response?

Accepted Answer

Revise or abandon the hypothesis based on the new evidence.

Question 17

Which of the following best illustrates a power law relationship as shown in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

$$y = kx^n$$ where $$n 
eq 1$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between science, art, and religion as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Science is concerned with natural order, art with human experience, and religion with faith and worship.

Question 19

A student measures the time it takes for a pendulum to complete one swing and records the result in seconds. Which SI base unit is being used?

Accepted Answer

Second

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct example of a derived SI unit?

Accepted Answer

Newton

Chapter 1: About Science – Foundations of Physics

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