Question 1

Which of the following best describes electric potential energy in a system of charges, as illustrated in the first image?

Accepted Answer

It is the energy stored due to the interactions between charges within the system.

Question 2

In the second image, what does the difference in electric potential (voltage) between the two columns represent?

Accepted Answer

The work done per unit charge to move a charge from one column to the other.

Question 3

The third image shows equipotential surfaces around a point charge. Which statement is correct about these surfaces?

Accepted Answer

The electric potential is the same at every point on a given surface.

Question 4

Referring to the fourth image, which shows electric field lines and equipotential lines around a point charge, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

Electric field lines are always perpendicular to equipotential surfaces.

Question 5

In the fifth image, a battery is shown 'lifting' charges. What physical concept does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

The battery does work to separate charges, creating a potential difference (emf).

Question 6

Which equation correctly relates the electric potential energy $$U of a $$charge $$q in an $$electric potential $$V$$?

Accepted Answer

$$U = qV$$

Question 7

A positive charge is released from rest in a region of decreasing electric potential. What happens to its kinetic energy?

Accepted Answer

Its kinetic energy increases as it moves to lower potential.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about conductors in electrostatic equilibrium is correct?

Accepted Answer

The electric field inside the conductor is zero.

Question 9

If the electric field $$\vec{E} is $$known, how can the electric potential difference $$\Delta V$$ between two points $$A$$ and $$B be $$calculated?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta V = - \int_A^B \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{l}$$

Question 10

A parallel-plate capacitor is charged so that the potential difference between the plates is $$V. If $$the distance between the plates is $$d$$, what is the magnitude of the electric field $$E$$ between the plates?

Accepted Answer

$$E = \frac{V}{d}$$

Question 11

Which of the following is true about the relationship between electric field lines and equipotential surfaces?

Accepted Answer

Electric field lines are always perpendicular to equipotential surfaces.

Question 12

A charge $$q$$ moves from a point at potential $$V_1 to a $$point at potential $$V_2. $$What is the change in its electric potential energy?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta U = q(V_2$ - V_1$)$$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why the entire conductor is an equipotential in electrostatic equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

Charges move freely until the potential is the same everywhere inside the conductor.

Question 14

A battery is modeled as a 'charge escalator' in the fifth image. What does the emf (electromotive force) of the battery represent?

Accepted Answer

The work done per unit charge to move charges from the negative to the positive terminal.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the energy in electric circuits is correct?

Accepted Answer

Energy is transformed and transferred from sources, such as batteries, to devices that utilize and dissipate the energy.

Question 16

If the equipotential surfaces are closer together in a region of space, what does this indicate about the electric field in that region?

Accepted Answer

The electric field is stronger where equipotentials are closer together.

Question 17

A negative charge is moved from a point at 0 V to a point at 100 V. What happens to its electric potential energy?

Accepted Answer

Its electric potential energy decreases.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct analogy between gravitational potential energy and electric potential energy?

Accepted Answer

Both are forms of interaction energy dependent on the configuration of objects (masses or charges).

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a property of conductors in electrostatic equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

The potential varies throughout the conductor.

Question 20

A point charge $$Q$$ creates an electric potential $$V at a $$distance $$r$$ from the charge. Which equation gives the electric potential at that point?

Accepted Answer

$$V = \frac{1}{4\pi\$$varepsilon_0$$} \frac{Q}{r}$$

Electric Potential: Concepts, Properties, and Applications

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