Question 1

A beam of light travels from air ($$n_1 = 1.000$) into plastic (n_2$ = 1.540) $$with an angle of incidence $$\$$theta_1$$ = 55^\circ. $$What is the angle of refraction $$\$$theta_2$$ in the plastic? Use Snell's Law.

Accepted Answer

$$\$$theta_2$$ = 32.1^\circ$$

Question 2

Given the indices of refraction: Air ($$n = 1.000$$), Fiberglass ($$n = 1.56$$), and Milk ($$n = 1.35$$), a light ray enters from air into fiberglass at $$30^\circ to $$the normal. What is the angle of refraction in the fiberglass?

Accepted Answer

$$18.7^\circ$$

Question 3

A light ray passes from fiberglass ($$n = 1.56) $$into milk ($$n = 1.35) $$with an angle of incidence of $$20^\circ. $$What is the angle of refraction in the milk?

Accepted Answer

$$23.3^\circ$$

Question 4

A light ray travels from benzene ($$n = 1.501) $$into kerosene ($$n = 1.39) $$with an angle of incidence of $$40^\circ. $$What is the angle of refraction in kerosene?

Accepted Answer

$$43.7^\circ$$

Question 5

A beam of light from air enters a jewel at $$44^\circ$$ and is refracted to $$23.1^\circ. $$Given the indices: Diamond ($$n = 2.42$$), Emerald ($$n = 1.58$$), Ruby ($$n = 1.77$$), which jewel is it?

Accepted Answer

Diamond

Question 6

What is the speed of light in diamond ($$n = 2.42$$)? Use $$c = 3.00 	imes 10^8$ m/s.

Accepted Answer

$$1.24 	imes 10^8$ m/s

Question 7

A candle is placed $$10.0 cm $$from a pinhole (object distance $$S_o) $$and the screen is $$5.0 cm $$from the pinhole (image distance $$S_i). $$What is the magnification $$M of $$the image?

Accepted Answer

$$M = -0.5$$

Question 8

If the candle is $$3.0 cm $$tall and the magnification is $$-0.5$$, what is the height of the image on the screen?

Accepted Answer

$$-1.5 cm$$

Question 9

If you want the image to be $$2.9 cm $$tall and the magnification is $$-0.5$$, what should be the height of the candle?

Accepted Answer

$$5.8 cm$$

Question 10

If the original candle is $$3.0 cm $$tall and you want the image to be $$12 cm $$tall, what should the new object distance $$S_o be if $$the image distance $$S_i$$ remains $$5.0 cm$$?

Accepted Answer

$$S_o = 1.25 cm$$

Question 11

Which equation correctly represents Snell's Law for light passing from medium 1 to medium 2?

Accepted Answer

$$n_1$$ \sin \$$theta_1$$ = $$n_2$$ \sin \$$theta_2$$

Question 12

If a light ray passes from a medium with a higher index of refraction to a lower one, what happens to the angle of refraction compared to the angle of incidence?

Accepted Answer

The angle of refraction is greater than the angle of incidence.

Question 13

A light ray in air ($$n = 1.00) $$strikes water ($$n = 1.33) at$$ $$60^\circ to $$the normal. What is the angle of refraction in water?

Accepted Answer

$$40.6^\circ$$

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why diamonds sparkle more than glass?

Accepted Answer

Diamonds have a higher index of refraction, causing more total internal reflection.

Question 15

If the speed of light in a medium is $$2.00 	imes 10^8$ m/s, what is the index of refraction of the medium?

Accepted Answer

$$1.50$$

Question 16

A pinhole camera forms an image that is inverted and reduced in size. Which equation relates the image height $$h_i$$, object height $$h_o$$, image distance $$S_i$$, and object distance $$S_o$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{h_i}{h_o} = -\frac{S_i}{S_o}$$

Light and Optics: Refraction, Snell’s Law, and Pinhole Imaging

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