Q: If a diatomic oxygen molecule $$O_2$$ has a molar mass $$M_{mol} = 32\ \mathrm{g/mol}$$, how many molecules are present in $$100\ \mathrm{g} of $$oxygen gas?

$$1.9 \times 10$$^{24}$$ molecules

Q: Which of the following is the correct value for Avogadro's number $$N_A$$?

$$6.022 \times 10$$^{23}$$ molecules/mol

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

If object A is in thermal equilibrium with object B, and object B is in thermal equilibrium with object C, then object A and C will be in thermal equilibrium if brought into contact.

Question 2

A steel bridge has a length of $$L_0 = 1200$$\ \mathrm{m}$$ at -5$$^\circ \mathrm{C}$$. If the temperature rises to 35$$^\circ \mathrm{C}$$, and the coefficient of linear expansion for steel is $$\alpha = 12 	imes $$10^{-6}$$\ \mathrm{K}^{-1}$$, what is the change in length $$\Delta L$$ of the bridge?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta L = 0.576\ \mathrm{m}$$

Question 3

Which equation correctly relates the number of moles $$n to $$the number of molecules $$N$$ and Avogadro's number $$N_A$$?

Accepted Answer

$$n = \dfrac{N}{N_A}$$

Question 4

A flask with a volume of $$150\ \mathrm{cm}^3 is $$filled to the brim with olive oil at $$6.0^\circ \mathrm{C}. If $$the temperature increases to $$31^\circ \mathrm{C}$$, and the coefficient of volume expansion for olive oil is $$\beta = 0.68 	imes 10$$^{-3}$$\ \mathrm{K}^{-1}$$, how much oil will spill out?

Accepted Answer

$$2.6\ \mathrm{cm}^3$$

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct form of the ideal gas law using the number of molecules $$N$$?

Accepted Answer

$$PV = Nk_B T$$

Question 6

If a diatomic oxygen molecule $$O_2$$ has a molar mass $$M_{mol} = 32\ \mathrm{g/mol}$$, how many molecules are present in $$100\ \mathrm{g} of $$oxygen gas?

Accepted Answer

$$1.9 	imes 10$$^{24}$$ molecules

Question 7

Which temperature scale has absolute zero at $$-273.15^\circ \mathrm{C}$$?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Question 8

A sealed container holds an ideal gas at constant pressure. If the temperature is doubled, what happens to the volume?

Accepted Answer

The volume doubles.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes thermal stress in a material?

Accepted Answer

The stress required to keep the length of an object constant when its temperature changes.

Question 10

A bimetallic strip bends when heated because:

Accepted Answer

The two metals have different coefficients of thermal expansion.

Question 11

Which formula gives the change in length $$\Delta L of a $$solid rod due to thermal expansion?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta L = \alpha L_0$ \Delta T$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a thermodynamic state variable?

Accepted Answer

Color

Question 13

A gas undergoes an isothermal expansion, doubling its volume. What happens to its pressure?

Accepted Answer

The pressure is halved.

Question 14

Which equation relates the change in area $$\Delta A of a $$flat substance to temperature change?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta A = 2\alpha A_0$ \Delta T$$

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct value for Avogadro's number $$N_A$$?

Accepted Answer

$$6.022 	imes 10$$^{23}$$ molecules/mol

Question 16

Which process appears as a horizontal line on a $$pV$$ diagram?

Accepted Answer

Isobaric process

Question 17

What is the universal gas constant $$R in SI $$units?

Accepted Answer

$$8.31\ \mathrm{J}\,(\mathrm{mol}\cdot\mathrm{K}$$)^{-1}$$

Question 18

Which of the following statements about absolute zero is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is the lowest temperature an object can reach, and it is impossible to cool below this temperature.

Question 19

A sealed container holds a fixed amount of ideal gas. If the volume is kept constant and the temperature increases, what happens to the pressure?

Accepted Answer

The pressure increases.

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of water's unusual thermal expansion behavior near $$4^\circ \mathrm{C}$$?

Accepted Answer

Lakes do not freeze solid from the bottom up, allowing aquatic life to survive winter.

Temperature, Thermal Expansion, and Gas Laws: Study Notes

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