Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves?

Accepted Answer

Transverse waves oscillate perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer, while longitudinal waves oscillate parallel to the direction of energy transfer.

Question 2

A sound wave travels through air at $$v = 346\ \mathrm{m\ s$$^{-1}$$}. If $$the frequency of the sound is $$440\ \mathrm{Hz}$$, what is its wavelength?

Accepted Answer

$$0.79\ \mathrm{m}$$

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a longitudinal wave?

Accepted Answer

Sound wave in air

Question 4

A string fixed at both ends vibrates in its second harmonic. If the length of the string is $$L$$, what is the wavelength of the standing wave?

Accepted Answer

$$L$$

Question 5

Which phenomenon explains why you can hear sound around a corner even if you cannot see the source?

Accepted Answer

Diffraction

Question 6

A wave has a period of $$0.005\ \mathrm{s}. $$What is its frequency?

Accepted Answer

$$200\ \mathrm{Hz}$$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes resonance in a mechanical system?

Accepted Answer

It occurs when the frequency of an applied force matches the natural frequency of the system, resulting in maximum energy transfer.

Question 8

A pipe open at both ends has a length $$L = 0.85\ \mathrm{m}. $$What is the frequency of its fundamental (first harmonic) if the speed of sound is $$v = 340\ \mathrm{m\ s$$^{-1}$$}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$200\ \mathrm{Hz}$$

Question 9

Which statement about the superposition of waves is correct?

Accepted Answer

The resultant displacement at any point is the sum of the displacements of the individual waves at that point.

Question 10

A sound wave in a closed pipe (closed at one end, open at the other) has a length $$L = 0.5\ \mathrm{m}. $$What is the frequency of the first harmonic if $$v = 340\ \mathrm{m\ s$$^{-1}$$}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$170\ \mathrm{Hz}$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a node in a standing wave?

Accepted Answer

A point where the medium does not move

Question 12

A wave has a frequency of $$50\ \mathrm{Hz}$$ and a wavelength of $$2\ \mathrm{m}. $$What is its velocity?

Accepted Answer

$$100\ \mathrm{m\ s$$^{-1}$$}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a property of mechanical waves?

Accepted Answer

They can travel through a vacuum.

Question 14

When a wave passes from air into water, which of the following changes?

Accepted Answer

Wavelength

Question 15

If two waves of equal amplitude and frequency meet in phase, what is the amplitude of the resultant wave?

Accepted Answer

Twice the amplitude of one wave

Question 16

A seismic P-wave travels through the Earth. Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is a longitudinal wave.

Question 17

A guitar string is plucked and vibrates at its natural frequency. What is this frequency called?

Accepted Answer

Fundamental frequency

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why resonance can cause bridges to collapse during earthquakes?

Accepted Answer

The frequency of seismic waves matches the natural frequency of the bridge, causing large amplitude oscillations.

Question 19

A wave on a string has an amplitude of $$0.2\ \mathrm{m}$$ and a period of $$0.1\ \mathrm{s}. $$What is its frequency?

Accepted Answer

$$10\ \mathrm{Hz}$$

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of constructive interference?

Accepted Answer

Two waves meet and their amplitudes add to produce a larger wave.

Waves: Properties, Behavior, and Sound (Physics 2025 Study Guide)

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