Using a mixture of CO2, N2, and sometimes He, CO2 lasers emit a wavelength of 10.610.6 μ\mum. At power of 0.1000.100 kW, such lasers are used for surgery. How many photons per second does a CO2 laser deliver to the tissue during its use in an operation?

Ch 39: Particles Behaving as Waves

Young & Freedman Calc - University Physics 14th Edition

Young & Freedman Calc14th EditionUniversity PhysicsISBN: 9780321973610당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경

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Young & Freedman Calc 14th Edition

Ch 39: Particles Behaving as Waves

문제 31

39장, 문제 31

Using a mixture of CO₂, N₂, and sometimes He, CO₂ lasers emit a wavelength of $10.6$ $μ$ m. At power of $0.100$ kW, such lasers are used for surgery. How many photons per second does a CO₂ laser deliver to the tissue during its use in an operation?

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Start by identifying the energy of a single photon emitted by the CO2 laser. Use the formula for photon energy: E = h * c / λ, where h is Planck's constant (6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s), c is the speed of light (3.00 × 10⁸ m/s), and λ is the wavelength of the laser (10.6 μm, which should be converted to meters: 10.6 × 10⁻⁶ m).

Step 2: Calculate the total energy output of the laser per second. The laser operates at a power of 0.100 kW, which is equivalent to 100 J/s. This represents the total energy delivered per second.

Step 3: Determine the number of photons emitted per second by dividing the total energy output per second by the energy of a single photon. Use the formula: Number of photons per second = Total energy per second / Energy of a single photon.

Step 4: Ensure unit consistency throughout the calculations. Verify that all quantities (wavelength, power, and constants) are expressed in compatible units (meters, joules, seconds, etc.) before performing the division.

Step 5: Once the division is set up, you can calculate the number of photons per second. This will give you the final result, representing the number of photons delivered to the tissue during the operation.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Photon Energy

The energy of a photon is determined by its wavelength, given by the equation E = hc/λ, where E is energy, h is Planck's constant, c is the speed of light, and λ is the wavelength. For a CO2 laser emitting at 10.6 micrometers (um), this relationship allows us to calculate the energy of each photon, which is essential for determining how many photons are emitted per second.

Power and Energy Relationship

Power is defined as the rate at which energy is transferred or converted, expressed in watts (W). In the context of the CO2 laser, a power output of 0.100 kW means that the laser delivers 100 joules of energy per second. This relationship is crucial for calculating the number of photons emitted per second by dividing the total power by the energy of a single photon.

Photon Flux

Photon flux refers to the number of photons passing through a given area per unit time, typically expressed in photons per second. To find the photon flux of the CO2 laser, one must divide the total power output by the energy of a single photon. This concept is vital for understanding how the laser interacts with tissue during surgical procedures.

관련 실천

교과서 질문

How many photons per second are emitted by a $7.50$ -mW CO₂ laser that has a wavelength of $10.6$ mm?

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교과서 질문

Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is a laser-based surgical procedure that corrects near- and farsightedness by removing part of the lens of the eye to change its curvature and hence focal length. This procedure can remove layers $0.25$ mm thick using pulses lasting $12.0$ ns from a laser beam of wavelength $193$ nm. Low-intensity beams can be used because each individual photon has enough energy to break the covalent bonds of the tissue. If a $1.50$ -mW beam is used, how many photons are delivered to the lens in each pulse?

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교과서 질문

In a set of experiments on a hypothetical one-electron atom, you measure the wavelengths of the photons emitted from transitions ending in the ground level ( $n equals 1$ ), as shown in the energy-level diagram in Fig. E $39.27$ . You also observe that it takes $17.50$ eV to ionize this atom. What is the energy of the atom in each of the levels ( $n equals 1$ , $n equals 2$ , etc.) shown in the figure?

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교과서 질문

Use Balmer's formula to calculate (a) the wavelength, (b) the frequency, and (c) the photon energy for the Hg line of the Balmer series for hydrogen.

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교과서 질문

Find the longest and shortest wavelengths in the Lyman and Paschen series for hydrogen. In what region of the electromagnetic spectrum does each series lie?

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The shortest visible wavelength is about $400$ nm. What is the temperature of an ideal radiator whose spectral emittance peaks at this wavelength?

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Using a mixture of CO2, N2, and sometimes He, CO2 lasers emit a wavelength of 10.610.6 μ\(\mu\)m. At power of 0.1000.100 kW, such lasers are used for surgery. How many photons per second does a CO2 laser deliver to the tissue during its use in an operation?

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

주요 개념

Photon Energy

Power and Energy Relationship

Photon Flux

Using a mixture of CO₂, N₂, and sometimes He, CO₂ lasers emit a wavelength of $10.6$ $μ$ m. At power of $0.100$ kW, such lasers are used for surgery. How many photons per second does a CO₂ laser deliver to the tissue during its use in an operation?