Q: Which formula represents classical (theoretical) probability?

$$P(E) = \frac{\text{Number of outcomes in event } E}{\text{Number of outcomes in sample space}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a probability experiment?

Accepted Answer

An action or trial through which specific results (counts, measurements, or responses) are obtained.

Question 2

Given a survey that asks for blood type (O, A, B, AB) and Rh factor (positive or negative), how many possible outcomes are in the sample space?

Accepted Answer

$$8$$

Question 3

Which of the following is a simple event?

Accepted Answer

Selecting a specific defective machine part from a batch.

Question 4

If you roll a six-sided die, what is the probability of rolling a number less than 5?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{4}{6}$$

Question 5

A car can be chosen from 3 manufacturers, 2 sizes, and 4 colors. How many different ways can you select one manufacturer, one size, and one color?

Accepted Answer

$$3 	imes 2 	imes 4 = 24$$

Question 6

An access code consists of 4 digits, each digit from 0 to 9. If digits can be repeated, how many possible access codes are there?

Accepted Answer

$$10^4 = 10$$,000$$

Question 7

Which formula represents classical (theoretical) probability?

Accepted Answer

$$P(E) = \frac{	ext{Number of outcomes in event } E}{	ext{Number of outcomes in sample space}}$$

Question 8

A company surveyed 1502 adults about book reading. 560 read only print books. What is the empirical probability that the next adult surveyed read only print books?

Accepted Answer

$$P = \frac{560}{1502} \approx 0.373$$

Question 9

Which statement is an example of subjective probability?

Accepted Answer

A doctor estimates a patient has a 90% chance of full recovery.

Question 10

What is the probability of the complement of event $$E if$$ $$P(E) = 0.255$$?

Accepted Answer

$$P(E') = 0.745$$

Question 11

If an experiment is repeated many times, what does the Law of Large Numbers state?

Accepted Answer

The empirical probability of an event approaches the theoretical probability.

Question 12

A college ID number consists of 8 digits, each digit from 0 to 9 and can be repeated. What is the probability of randomly generating your specific ID number?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{10^8$} = 0.00000001$$

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a type of probability discussed in the materials?

Accepted Answer

Relative probability

Question 14

A spinner is equally likely to land on numbers 1 through 8. What is the probability of spinning an odd number?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{4}{8} = 0.5$$

Question 15

If the probability of event $$E is$$ $$0$$, what does this mean?

Accepted Answer

Event $$E is $$impossible.

Question 16

Which rule states that the probability of an event is always between 0 and 1, inclusive?

Accepted Answer

Range of probabilities rule

Question 17

A die is rolled. What is the probability of rolling a 7?

Accepted Answer

$$0$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the Fundamental Counting Principle?

Accepted Answer

If one event can occur in $$m$$ ways and a second event in $$n$$ ways, the two events can occur in $$m 	imes n$$ ways.

Chapter 3: Basic Concepts of Probability and Counting (Elementary Statistics)

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