Question 1

Which of the following best describes a parameter in statistics?

Accepted Answer

A numerical summary of a population.

Question 2

A researcher wants to estimate the average height of all university students. She measures the height of 100 randomly selected students. What is the sample in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

The 100 randomly selected students.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a statistic?

Accepted Answer

The average test score of a sample of 50 students.

Question 4

What is the main difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics summarize data, inferential statistics make predictions or generalizations.

Question 5

Which of the following is a qualitative variable?

Accepted Answer

Favorite color.

Question 6

A study collects the blood types (A, B, AB, O) of 200 patients. What type of data is this?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative, nominal

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a discrete variable?

Accepted Answer

A variable that can only take specific, separate values.

Question 8

A researcher records the time (in seconds) it takes for a chemical reaction to complete. What type of variable is this?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative, continuous

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of an ordinal variable?

Accepted Answer

Ranking of movies from best to worst.

Question 10

Suppose you want to estimate the average commute time for all employees at a company. You randomly select 30 employees and calculate their average commute time. Which of the following best describes the average commute time you calculated?

Accepted Answer

A statistic

Question 11

Which formula would you use to calculate the mean of a sample?

Accepted Answer

$$\bar{x} = \frac{\sum x_i}{n}$$

Question 12

A survey asks respondents to rate their satisfaction on a scale from 1 (very dissatisfied) to 5 (very satisfied). What type of data is this?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative, ordinal

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a population in statistics?

Accepted Answer

It is a subset of a sample.

Question 14

If a variable can take on any value within a given range, it is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Continuous

Question 15

Which of the following best illustrates the use of inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Using a sample to estimate the average income of a city.

Describing Data Numerically: Measures of Center and Spread

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