Question 1

Which of the following best describes a relative frequency table?

Accepted Answer

A table that displays the percentage of observations in each category, in addition to the count.

Question 2

A hospital records the blood types of 200 donors. Which graphical display is most appropriate to show the distribution of blood types?

Accepted Answer

Pie chart

Question 3

Suppose a frequency table for the number of cavities per patient is given. How do you calculate the relative frequency for a class with 4 observations out of a total of 20?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{4}{20} = 0.20 $$

Question 4

Which of the following is a key advantage of using a bar chart over a pie chart?

Accepted Answer

Bar charts are better for comparing the exact counts or percentages across categories.

Question 5

A two-way (contingency) table is most useful for:

Accepted Answer

Showing the relationship between two categorical variables.

Question 6

When constructing a frequency distribution for quantitative data, what is the class width if the lowest value is 10, the highest value is 50, and you want 5 classes?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{50 - 10}{5} = 8 $$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a histogram?

Accepted Answer

A graph of adjacent rectangles representing classes of a quantitative variable.

Question 8

Why might you choose a dotplot over a histogram for a small dataset?

Accepted Answer

Dotplots show each individual observation, making it easier to see the distribution for small samples.

Question 9

A stem-and-leaf plot is especially useful because:

Accepted Answer

It preserves the original data values while showing the distribution.

Question 10

A cumulative frequency graph (ogive) is used to:

Accepted Answer

Show the running total of frequencies or relative frequencies up to each class.

Question 11

Which of the following is a potential drawback of using stacked bar charts?

Accepted Answer

They can make it harder to compare the segments across categories.

Question 12

In a contingency table, what does each cell represent?

Accepted Answer

The count of observations for a specific combination of two categorical variables.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a recommended design tip for bar charts?

Accepted Answer

Add unnecessary 3D effects.

Question 14

A researcher wants to compare the distribution of patient satisfaction ratings (low, medium, high) between two treatment groups. Which graphical display is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Clustered bar chart

Question 15

If you want to display the percentage of patients who missed dental appointments for different reasons, which chart would be most effective?

Accepted Answer

Pie chart

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between a frequency table and a relative frequency table?

Accepted Answer

A frequency table lists counts; a relative frequency table lists proportions or percentages.

Question 17

A hospital wants to summarize the number of clinic visits per patient in a year. Which graphical display would best show the distribution and any outliers?

Accepted Answer

Dotplot

Question 18

When constructing a histogram, why is it important to use classes of equal width?

Accepted Answer

It ensures that the area of each bar accurately represents the frequency for that class.

Question 19

Which display would be most appropriate for showing the distribution of resting heart rates among 100 individuals?

Accepted Answer

Histogram

Question 20

A stem-and-leaf plot for the number of days patients missed appointments shows stems 0, 1, 2, and 3. What does the 'leaf' represent in this context?

Accepted Answer

The final digit of each observation.

Describing Data with Tables and Graphs: Structured Study Notes

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드