Question 1

Which of the following best describes a population in statistics?

Accepted Answer

All objects or people whom you want to draw conclusions about.

Question 2

A hospital wants to estimate the average recovery time for all patients who underwent knee surgery last year. They randomly select 50 patients from the hospital records and calculate the average recovery time for these patients. In this scenario, what is the sample?

Accepted Answer

The 50 randomly selected patients.

Question 3

Which sampling method involves dividing the population into groups based on specific characteristics and then randomly selecting members from each group?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 4

A police department wants to check for drunk driving by pulling over every 10th car at a checkpoint. Which sampling method are they using?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of convenience sampling?

Accepted Answer

Surveying all customers who entered a store at a particular time.

Question 6

A radio show host receives phone calls from listeners to voice their opinions on a new federal tax policy. What type of sampling is this?

Accepted Answer

Convenience sampling

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true about a statistic?

Accepted Answer

A statistic is a number that describes a sample.

Question 8

A researcher reports that 78% of a sample of 100 surgery patients experienced significant pain relief after a new medication. What is this 78% called?

Accepted Answer

Statistic

Question 9

Which of the following variables is quantitative?

Accepted Answer

The mileage (in miles per gallon) of a car

Question 10

Which variable below is qualitative?

Accepted Answer

The color of a car

Question 11

Which of the following is an ordinal variable?

Accepted Answer

Letter grades in a statistics class

Question 12

Which variable is nominal?

Accepted Answer

Color of a car

Question 13

Which of the following is a discrete quantitative variable?

Accepted Answer

The number of students in a class

Question 14

Which variable is continuous?

Accepted Answer

The height of a person

Question 15

A school cafeteria wants to draw a sample of 90 students to ask their opinion of a new lunch menu. They randomly sample 30 freshmen, 30 sophomores, 18 juniors, and 12 seniors. What sampling method is being used?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 16

Which of the following best describes cluster sampling?

Accepted Answer

Dividing the population into groups and randomly selecting all members from some groups.

Question 17

A company wants to survey employee satisfaction. They divide employees into departments and randomly select two departments. All employees in those departments are surveyed. What sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 18

Which of the following formulas represents the probability of selecting a specific individual in a simple random sample of size $$n$$ from a population of size $$N$$?

Accepted Answer

$$P = \frac{1}{N}$$

Question 19

Suppose a researcher wants to estimate the average number of hours college students sleep per night. She divides students into groups based on their year (freshman, sophomore, junior, senior) and randomly selects students from each group. Which sampling method is she using?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Fundamental Concepts in Statistics: Populations, Sampling, and Types of Variables

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