Question 1

Which of the following best describes the null hypothesis ($$H_0) in $$hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

A claim that is assumed to be true and is tested against an alternative hypothesis.

Question 2

A snack company claims the mean net weight of all bags packaged is 454 g. The quality assurance department wants to test if the mean net weight is different from 454 g. What is the correct form of the alternative hypothesis ($$H_a$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$H_a: \mu 
eq 454$$

Question 3

Suppose you want to test whether the average calcium intake of adults with incomes below the poverty level is less than the recommended adequate intake (RAI) of 1000 mg. Which type of test should you use?

Accepted Answer

Left-tailed test

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the p-value in hypothesis testing is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The p-value is the probability of obtaining a test statistic at least as extreme as the one observed, assuming $$H_0 is $$true.

Question 5

At a significance level of $$\alpha = 0.05$$, which p-value would lead you to reject the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

$$p = 0.03$$

Question 6

A researcher wants to test if the mean retail price of history books has increased from $$78.01 in 2005. $$The sample mean for 40 books in the current year is $$81.44$$, with a population standard deviation of $$7.61. $$What is the null hypothesis ($$H_0) $$for this test?

Accepted Answer

$$H_0$$: \mu = 78.01$$

Question 7

Which of the following is an assumption for the Z-test for a population mean with known variance?

Accepted Answer

The population is distributed normally.

Question 8

If the p-value is greater than the significance level $$\alpha$$, what is the correct conclusion?

Accepted Answer

Fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Question 9

A two-tailed hypothesis test is being conducted at the $$5\%$$ significance level. The calculated test statistic is $$z = 1.71. $$What is the correct interpretation if the p-value is greater than $$0.05$$?

Accepted Answer

Fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Question 10

Which of the following steps is NOT part of the P-value approach to hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

Calculate the sample variance.

Question 11

A company wants to test if the mean net weight of all bags is less than 454 g. Which form should the alternative hypothesis ($$H_a) $$take?

Accepted Answer

$$H_a: \mu \u003c 454$$

Question 12

In a right-tailed hypothesis test, which of the following is the correct form of the alternative hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

$$H_a: \mu \u003e \mu_0$

Question 13

A hypothesis test is conducted at $$\alpha = 0.01. $$The p-value is $$0.011. $$What is the correct decision?

Accepted Answer

Fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a one-tailed test?

Accepted Answer

A test where the alternative hypothesis is either $$\mu \u003e \mu_0$ or $$\mu \u003c \$$mu_0.$$

Question 15

If a hypothesis test does not provide sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis, what does this imply?

Accepted Answer

The data do not provide sufficient evidence to support the alternative hypothesis.

Question 16

Which of the following is a common significance level used in hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

$$0.01$$

Question 17

A sample of 40 history books has a mean price of $$81.44$$ and a population standard deviation of $$7.61. $$The mean price in 2005 was $$78.01. $$What is the value of the test statistic for testing if the mean price has increased?

Accepted Answer

$$z = \frac{81.44 - 78.01}{7.61 / \sqrt{40}}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a possible conclusion of a hypothesis test?

Accepted Answer

Accept the null hypothesis as absolutely true.

Question 19

In hypothesis testing, what does the symbol $$\alpha$$ represent?

Accepted Answer

The maximum probability of rejecting $$H_0$$ when it is true.

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE about the Z-statistic used in hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

It has a standard normal distribution when $$H_0 is $$true.

Hypothesis Testing and P-Value Approach in Statistics

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