Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of learning statistics in health sciences practice?

Accepted Answer

To better understand disease promotion and risk factors, and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions

Question 2

In the research process, which step comes immediately after formulating the research question?

Accepted Answer

Choosing the research design

Question 3

A study measures the effect of a new drug on blood pressure by randomly assigning patients to treatment and control groups. What type of research design is this?

Accepted Answer

Experimental

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a component of the three main research components discussed in the course?

Accepted Answer

Sample size calculation

Question 5

A researcher wants to know the number of patients who experience nausea after surgery. Which type of variable is being measured?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative (categorical)

Question 6

Which statistical analysis type is used to make generalizations from a sample to a population?

Accepted Answer

Inferential statistics

Question 7

A study records the temperature of children after being given a dose of ibuprofen. What is the best level of measurement for this variable?

Accepted Answer

Interval/Ratio

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a quantitative variable?

Accepted Answer

Temperature of children after a drug is given

Question 9

A team wants to study the proportion of the population suffering from chronic anxiety. They collect data from a random sample and calculate the percentage. What type of analysis is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics summarize data; inferential statistics use data to make predictions about a population.

Question 11

A researcher collects data on the number of recovery hours after an operation. Which statistical measure would be most appropriate to summarize this data?

Accepted Answer

Mean

Question 12

Which of the following is a qualitative (categorical) variable?

Accepted Answer

Type of surgery performed

Question 13

A study aims to identify lifestyle habits associated with certain symptoms. The variables include food, exercise, and sleep patterns. What is the research design?

Accepted Answer

Observational

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for success in this statistics course?

Accepted Answer

Skip reading and rely only on lectures

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a variable measured at the nominal level?

Accepted Answer

Ethnicity of patients

Question 16

A researcher wants to compare the mean cholesterol levels between two groups: those who exercise regularly and those who do not. Which statistical analysis is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Inferential statistics

Question 17

Which formula would you use to calculate the mean of a dataset?

Accepted Answer

$$\displaystyle \bar{x} = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i}{n}$$

Question 18

Which formula is used to calculate the standard deviation of a sample?

Accepted Answer

$$\displaystyle s = \sqrt{\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} (x_i - \bar{x})^2$}{n-1}}$$

Question 19

A study collects data on the region of residence of patients. What is the best level of measurement for this variable?

Accepted Answer

Nominal

Question 20

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the relationship between research design and statistical analysis?

Accepted Answer

The research design determines which statistical tests should be used to analyze the data.

Introduction to Applied Statistics for the Health Sciences: Research Process, Variables, and Statistical Analysis

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