In Exercises 39–46, find the unit vector that has the same direction as the vector v.
v = 8i - 6j

검증된 단계별 안내

Identify the given vector \( \mathbf{v} = 8\mathbf{i} - 6\mathbf{j} \). This means the vector has components \( x = 8 \) and \( y = -6 \).

Calculate the magnitude (length) of the vector \( \mathbf{v} \) using the formula: \[ \|\mathbf{v}\| = \sqrt{(x)^2 + (y)^2} = \sqrt{8^2 + (-6)^2} \]

Simplify the expression under the square root to find the magnitude: \[ \|\mathbf{v}\| = \sqrt{64 + 36} \]

To find the unit vector in the same direction as \( \mathbf{v} \), divide each component of \( \mathbf{v} \) by its magnitude: \[ \mathbf{u} = \left( \frac{8}{\|\mathbf{v}\|}, \frac{-6}{\|\mathbf{v}\|} \right) \]

Express the unit vector \( \mathbf{u} \) in terms of \( \mathbf{i} \) and \( \mathbf{j} \): \[ \mathbf{u} = \frac{8}{\|\mathbf{v}\|} \mathbf{i} - \frac{6}{\|\mathbf{v}\|} \mathbf{j} \]

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Vector Components and Notation

A vector in two dimensions is expressed using unit vectors i and j, representing the x and y directions respectively. For example, v = 8i - 6j means the vector has an x-component of 8 and a y-component of -6. Understanding this notation is essential for manipulating and analyzing vectors.

Magnitude of a Vector

The magnitude (or length) of a vector v = ai + bj is found using the Pythagorean theorem: |v| = √(a² + b²). This scalar value represents the distance from the origin to the point defined by the vector components and is crucial for normalizing vectors.

Unit Vector and Direction

A unit vector has a magnitude of 1 and points in the same direction as the original vector. It is found by dividing each component of the vector by its magnitude, effectively scaling the vector to length one while preserving direction.

In Exercises 39–46, find the unit vector that has the same direction as the vector v.v = 8i - 6j