Question 1

Which of the following best describes the mechanism by which motion sickness leads to vomiting?

Accepted Answer

Activation of inner ear receptors, which send signals to the vomiting center in the medulla oblongata

Question 2

A patient receiving chemotherapy is prescribed ondansetron. Which of the following best explains why this drug is considered first-line therapy for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting?

Accepted Answer

It antagonizes 5-HT3 (serotonin) receptors, preventing emetic signals from reaching the vomiting center

Question 3

A nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing frequent nausea and vomiting after abdominal surgery. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate during acute episodes?

Accepted Answer

Avoid administering oral intake of food, fluids, and drugs during acute episodes

Question 4

Which of the following adverse effects is most commonly associated with promethazine, a phenothiazine antiemetic?

Accepted Answer

Drowsiness, dry mouth, and blurred vision

Question 5

A patient is prescribed hydroxyzine for nausea. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for due to its anticholinergic properties?

Accepted Answer

Dry mouth, urinary retention, and blurred vision

Question 6

A patient receiving aprepitant for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting reports fatigue and dizziness. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?

Accepted Answer

Reassure the patient that these are common side effects and monitor for worsening symptoms

Question 7

Which of the following is a recommended nonpharmacologic technique to help prevent nausea and vomiting in a patient undergoing chemotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Suggest acupuncture or acupressure as adjunct therapy

Question 8

A female patient in early pregnancy complains of morning nausea. Which dietary recommendation is most appropriate to help prevent nausea and vomiting?

Accepted Answer

Eat dry crackers before rising and consume small, frequent protein meals

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) in the physiology of nausea and vomiting?

Accepted Answer

It receives signals from blood-borne emetic agents and relays them to the vomiting center

Question 10

A patient is scheduled to receive radiation therapy known to cause nausea. When should the nurse administer an antiemetic to maximize its effectiveness?

Accepted Answer

30 to 60 minutes before the radiation therapy session

Question 11

A patient is taking a medication known to cause gastric irritation and nausea. According to best practice, how should the nurse advise the patient to take this medication?

Accepted Answer

With or just after food, if reference sources confirm it does not alter efficacy

Question 12

Which of the following is a critical nursing assessment for a patient experiencing frequent vomiting?

Accepted Answer

Recording vital signs, intake and output, and body weight at regular intervals

Question 13

A patient with a history of asthma is prescribed promethazine for nausea. Which adverse effect should the nurse be most concerned about?

Accepted Answer

Exacerbation of asthma symptoms

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the causes of nausea and vomiting is correct?

Accepted Answer

Nausea and vomiting can be caused by GI, cardiovascular, neurologic, metabolic, and drug-related factors

Question 15

A patient is experiencing nausea after taking an antibiotic. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

Accepted Answer

Report the nausea to the health care provider, as the drug may need to be discontinued or the dose reduced

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why minimizing activity during acute episodes of nausea and vomiting is recommended?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing motion may decrease stimulation of the vomiting center in the brain

Question 17

A patient receiving ondansetron for postoperative nausea reports a headache and mild constipation. What is the most appropriate nursing response?

Accepted Answer

Reassure the patient that these are common, mild side effects

Question 18

Which of the following is a rationale for helping a patient rinse their mouth after vomiting?

Accepted Answer

To decrease the bad taste and corrosion of tooth enamel caused by gastric acid

Question 19

A patient is prescribed a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist for nausea. Which of the following is the prototype drug for this class?

Accepted Answer

Ondansetron

Question 20

A patient is experiencing delayed nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy. Which neurotransmitter is believed to be the primary mediator of this delayed response?

Accepted Answer

Substance P

Drug Therapy for Nausea and Vomiting: Medical Terminology and Clinical Concepts

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