Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

It is a collection of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate body functions.

Question 2

A patient presents with symptoms of chronic fatigue and hyperpigmentation. Laboratory tests reveal low levels of adrenocortical hormones. Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Addison’s Disease

Question 3

Which hormone is responsible for increasing blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid Hormone

Question 4

A patient is diagnosed with myxedema. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

A severe form of hypothyroidism with accumulation of a mucus-like substance under the skin.

Question 5

Which combining form means 'masculine'?

Accepted Answer

viril/o

Question 6

Which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary and increases blood pressure while decreasing urine production?

Accepted Answer

Vasopressin (ADH)

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT produced by the anterior pituitary?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Question 8

A patient with an enlarged thyroid gland due to iodine deficiency is diagnosed with:

Accepted Answer

Goiter

Question 9

Which suffix means 'pertaining to stimulating'?

Accepted Answer

-tropic

Question 10

Which hormone is released by the pancreas to decrease blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 11

A patient is experiencing symptoms of hyperthyroidism, including weight loss and rapid heartbeat. Which autoimmune disorder is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Graves Disease

Question 12

Which diagnostic test measures the average blood glucose over a three-month period?

Accepted Answer

Hb A1C Test

Question 13

Which of the following is a plausible reason for fasting before a fasting blood sugar test?

Accepted Answer

To prevent skewing the results from the absorption of sugars and fats from food.

Question 14

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating milk production in the breast?

Accepted Answer

Prolactin

Question 15

A patient with a history of long-term corticosteroid therapy suddenly stops medication and develops symptoms of adrenal insufficiency. Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Addison’s Disease

Question 16

Which combining form refers to 'potassium'?

Accepted Answer

kal/i

Question 17

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland and regulates the sleep-wake cycle?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of glucocorticoids?

Accepted Answer

Regulate carbohydrate metabolism and stress response.

Question 19

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating ovulation and secretion of sex hormones in females?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. Which hormone deficiency is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Endocrine System: Medical Terminology and Clinical Concepts

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