Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the turbinates in the nasal cavity?

Accepted Answer

They slow and swirl the air to warm and moisten it before it reaches the lungs.

Question 2

A patient presents with a collapsed right lower lobe on chest x-ray. Which medical term best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

Atelectasis

Question 3

Which process is defined as the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood?

Accepted Answer

External respiration

Question 4

During forceful exhalation, which muscles contract to rapidly decrease the size of the thoracic cavity?

Accepted Answer

Intercostal and abdominal muscles

Question 5

A pulse oximeter is used to measure which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the role of surfactant in the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

It prevents the walls of the alveoli from collapsing.

Question 7

A patient with cystic fibrosis often exhibits cyanosis and clubbing of the fingertips. What is the underlying cause of these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Chronic low oxygen levels in the blood

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct sequence of airflow through the respiratory tract during inhalation?

Accepted Answer

Nasal cavity → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles → alveoli

Question 9

A pulmonary embolus most commonly causes which of the following physiological effects?

Accepted Answer

Blockage of blood flow to the lung, leading to decreased oxygen in the blood

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of the diaphragm during inhalation?

Accepted Answer

It contracts and moves downward, increasing thoracic volume.

Question 11

Which diagnostic procedure is used to measure the volume of air a patient can inhale and exhale, and is especially important in monitoring diseases like cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary function test

Question 12

A patient is prescribed a metered-dose inhaler for asthma. What type of drug is most likely being delivered?

Accepted Answer

Bronchodilator

Question 13

Which of the following terms refers to the area between the lungs that contains the heart, trachea, esophagus, and thymus?

Accepted Answer

Mediastinum

Question 14

A patient with tuberculosis is difficult to treat because the causative bacterium has which unique characteristic?

Accepted Answer

It has a waxy external coating resistant to single-drug therapy.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of the pleural fluid?

Accepted Answer

It lubricates the surfaces of the lungs and thoracic cavity to reduce friction during breathing.

Question 16

A patient is using a CPAP machine at night. What is the primary purpose of this device?

Accepted Answer

To provide a constant flow of air with gentle positive pressure to keep the upper airway open during sleep

Question 17

Which of the following is a surgical procedure to remove a lobe of the lung?

Accepted Answer

Lobectomy

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the term 'bronchopulmonary'?

Accepted Answer

Pertaining to the bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct medical term for a rapid respiratory rate, as seen on a monitor showing 33 respirations per minute?

Accepted Answer

Tachypnea

Question 20

A patient is prescribed a nicotine patch as part of a smoking cessation program. What is the mechanism of this therapy?

Accepted Answer

It supplies nicotine in a gradually decreasing dose to help the patient stop smoking.

Med Terms Chap 5

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