Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a main function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the difference between compact and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone is dense and forms the external layer of bones, while spongy bone is porous and found internally.

Question 3

Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Vertebra

Question 4

Which structure in a long bone is responsible for the growth in length during childhood and adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Question 5

Where is red bone marrow primarily found in adults?

Accepted Answer

In the spongy bone of axial skeleton bones, os coxae, and heads of femur and humerus

Question 6

Which cell type is responsible for bone resorption and increasing blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 7

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for fractures because:

Accepted Answer

Their bones have decreased bone mass and density.

Question 8

According to Wolff’s Law, what happens to bone in response to increased mechanical stress?

Accepted Answer

Bone is deposited and reinforced in areas experiencing stress.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the stages of bone fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation → Cartilaginous callus → Bony callus → Bone remodeling

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a synovial joint?

Accepted Answer

A joint with a fluid-filled cavity enclosed in a capsule, allowing free movement

Question 11

Which movement decreases the angle between two bones at a joint?

Accepted Answer

Flexion

Question 12

A sprain is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

A stretching or tearing of a ligament

Question 13

Which of the following components of bone matrix provides tensile strength and flexibility?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 14

If osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity, what will happen to bone mass?

Accepted Answer

Bone mass will decrease

Question 15

Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of osteoarthritis?

Accepted Answer

It is caused by wear and tear of articular cartilage.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

It covers the external surface of bones and contains blood vessels, nerves, and bone stem cells.

Question 18

Which of the following joint types allows for the greatest range of movement?

Accepted Answer

Synovial joint

Question 19

A patient presents with a dislocated shoulder. Which structure is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Ligaments stabilizing the joint

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-life example of Wolff’s Law in action?

Accepted Answer

A bedridden patient develops weaker bones due to lack of mechanical stress.

Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance

Study Guide - Practice Questions