Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a main function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the difference between compact and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone is dense and forms the external surface, while spongy bone is porous and found internally.

Question 3

Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Vertebral column

Question 4

Which structure in a long bone is responsible for the growth in length during childhood and adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Question 5

Where is red bone marrow primarily found in adults?

Accepted Answer

In the spongy bone of the axial skeleton, os coxae, and heads of femur and humerus

Question 6

Which cell type is responsible for bone resorption and increasing blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 7

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for fractures because:

Accepted Answer

Their bones have decreased bone mass and density.

Question 8

According to Wolff’s Law, what happens to bone in response to increased mechanical stress?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts are attracted to stressed areas, reinforcing and repairing bone.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the stages of bone fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation → Cartilaginous callus → Bony callus → Bone remodeling

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a synovial joint?

Accepted Answer

A joint with a fluid-filled cavity enclosed in a capsule, allowing maximum movement

Question 11

Which movement decreases the angle between two bones at a joint?

Accepted Answer

Flexion

Question 12

A sprain is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

A tear or stretch of a ligament reinforcing a joint

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic of osteoarthritis?

Accepted Answer

It is caused by wear and tear of articular cartilage.

Question 14

Which component of the bone matrix provides tensile strength and flexibility?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 15

If osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity, what will happen to bone mass?

Accepted Answer

Bone mass will decrease

Question 16

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 17

A patient presents with a dislocated shoulder. Which structure is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Ligaments

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a cartilaginous joint?

Accepted Answer

Intervertebral discs

Question 19

Which structure in the microscopic anatomy of bone allows nutrients to diffuse from the central canal to osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

Canaliculi

Question 20

A 70-year-old woman suffers a hip fracture after a minor fall. Which condition most likely contributed to her injury?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Medical Terminology

Study Guide - Practice Questions