Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the pulmonary circulation?

Accepted Answer

It carries deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and returns oxygenated blood to the left side.

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with 'cardiomegaly.' Based on the word parts, what does this term mean?

Accepted Answer

Enlargement of the heart

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why veins have valves, but arteries do not?

Accepted Answer

Veins carry blood under low pressure and need valves to prevent backflow.

Question 4

During which phase of the cardiac cycle does the heart fill with blood, and what is the corresponding blood pressure measurement called?

Accepted Answer

Diastole; diastolic pressure

Question 5

A patient presents with severe chest pain due to myocardial ischemia but no evidence of heart muscle death. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Angina pectoris

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct sequence of electrical conduction in the heart?

Accepted Answer

SA node → AV node → AV bundle → bundle branches → Purkinje fibers

Question 7

A patient is found to have a blood pressure of $$140/90. $$Which number represents the pressure during ventricular contraction, and what is this phase called?

Accepted Answer

$$140$$; systole

Question 8

Which combining form and suffix would you use to construct a term meaning 'surgical repair of a vessel'?

Accepted Answer

angio- and -plasty

Question 9

A patient is diagnosed with atherosclerosis. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

Hardening of the arteries due to fatty plaque buildup

Question 10

Which diagnostic procedure involves inserting a tube into the heart to measure pressures and collect samples?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac catheterization

Question 11

A patient is experiencing rapid, uncoordinated quivering of the heart muscle. What is the medical term for this arrhythmia?

Accepted Answer

Fibrillation

Question 12

Which of the following abbreviations stands for 'coronary artery bypass graft'?

Accepted Answer

CABG

Question 13

Which pharmacological agent is primarily used to dissolve blood clots?

Accepted Answer

Thrombolytic

Question 14

A patient with a history of hypertension is prescribed a medication that relaxes and widens blood vessels. Which drug class does this medication belong to?

Accepted Answer

Vasodilators

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why the pulmonary artery is unique among arteries?

Accepted Answer

It carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

Question 16

A patient is found to have 'thrombosis.' Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a blood clot within a vessel

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between atria and ventricles in the heart?

Accepted Answer

Atria are upper, thin-walled chambers that receive blood; ventricles are lower, thick-walled chambers that pump blood.

Question 18

A patient is experiencing 'bradycardia.' What does this term mean, and which prefix indicates this condition?

Accepted Answer

Abnormally slow heart rate; brady-

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process and purpose of defibrillation?

Accepted Answer

Electrical shock delivered to restore normal heart rhythm during life-threatening arrhythmias

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with 'endocarditis.' Based on the word parts, what does this term mean?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

The Cardiovascular System: Anatomy, Physiology, and Medical Terminology

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