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Clonal Selection definitions

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  • Clonal Selection
    Process where only lymphocytes recognizing a specific antigen are chosen to multiply and mount an immune response.
  • B Cell
    Lymphocyte type with unique surface receptors, capable of differentiating into antibody-secreting or memory cells.
  • T Cell
    Lymphocyte type with unique surface receptors, essential for adaptive immunity and recognizing specific antigens.
  • Antigen
    Foreign molecule that triggers a specific immune response by binding to lymphocyte receptors.
  • BCR
    Surface molecule on B cells responsible for recognizing and binding to a unique antigen.
  • TCR
    Surface molecule on T cells responsible for recognizing and binding to a unique antigen.
  • Proliferation
    Rapid multiplication of selected lymphocytes after antigen recognition, producing identical clones.
  • Clone
    Genetically identical group of lymphocytes derived from a single activated cell.
  • Differentiation
    Process where activated lymphocytes change into specialized cells, such as plasma or memory cells.
  • Plasma Cell
    Specialized B cell that produces and secretes large amounts of antibodies specific to an antigen.
  • Memory B Cell
    Long-lived B cell capable of mounting a rapid response upon re-exposure to the same antigen.
  • Adaptive Immune System
    Body defense system characterized by specificity and memory, involving B and T cells.
  • Mixed Population
    Diverse group of lymphocytes, each with unique receptors, present before antigen exposure.
  • Antibody
    Protein produced by plasma cells that binds specifically to an antigen, aiding in its elimination.