Q: Which equation best represents the relationship between data, information, and knowledge as described in the study materials?

$\text{Knowledge} = \text{Information} + \text{Experience}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between data, information, and knowledge according to the hierarchy presented in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Data represents unorganized facts, information is processed data with meaning, and knowledge is the human understanding derived from information.

Question 2

In the context of Knowledge Management Systems (KMS), which process is primarily responsible for converting tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge?

Accepted Answer

Externalization

Question 3

According to Nonaka & Takeuchi's SECI model, what is the correct sequence of knowledge conversion processes?

Accepted Answer

Socialization, Externalization, Combination, Internalization

Question 4

Which type of knowledge is described as highly organized, ‘chunked’ knowledge stored in long-term memory, including facts and relationships?

Accepted Answer

Semantic Knowledge

Question 5

An organization wants to improve its ability to respond quickly to market changes. Which benefit of knowledge management is most directly related to this goal?

Accepted Answer

Increasing responsiveness to changing business demands

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a component of intellectual capital as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Financial capital

Question 7

A new employee learns how to perform a task by observing and imitating a mentor. Which SECI process does this scenario illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Socialization

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of organizational culture in knowledge management?

Accepted Answer

It influences how individuals interact, create, and share knowledge within the organization.

Question 9

According to the Choo (1998) Decision-Making KM Model, which process allows organizations to adapt and continue in a dynamic environment?

Accepted Answer

Sense Making

Question 10

Which equation best represents the relationship between data, information, and knowledge as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Knowledge} = 	ext{Information} + 	ext{Experience}$

Question 11

Which of the following is a key challenge driving the need for knowledge management in modern organizations?

Accepted Answer

Accelerating market volatility

Question 12

Which process in the knowledge management cycle is responsible for placing knowledge into context so it is task-relevant?

Accepted Answer

Organize

Question 13

In the Von Krogh & Roos Organizational Epistemology Model, which type of ontology assumes reality is constructed through subjective experiences?

Accepted Answer

Constructivist Ontology

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of knowledge application through 'direction' rather than 'exchange'?

Accepted Answer

A manager tells a technician exactly how to fix a machine without explaining the underlying principles.

Question 15

Which process in the knowledge management cycle is most directly associated with the use of IT to automate responses and economize on communication?

Accepted Answer

Knowledge Application

Question 16

According to Wiig's Model for Building and Using Knowledge, which attribute ensures all parts of the knowledge are accounted for?

Accepted Answer

Completeness

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world example of knowledge chunking as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

A chef memorizes recipes as groups of steps rather than individual ingredients.

Question 18

Which classification of knowledge refers to the accumulated lessons of experience and is often described as 'know-how'?

Accepted Answer

Knowledge as Know-How

Question 19

Which process is most critical for capturing knowledge that resides outside organizational boundaries, such as with consultants or suppliers?

Accepted Answer

Knowledge Capture

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the purpose of a Knowledge Management System (KMS) in an organization?

Accepted Answer

To promote organizational success by fostering a culture of information sharing and making knowledge available to everyone.

Knowledge Management Systems: Concepts, Hierarchies, and Models

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