Fatty Acids definitions Flashcards
Fatty Acids definitions
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Fatty Acid Hydrocarbon chain with a carboxylic acid group, forming the building blocks of most dietary lipids. Hydrocarbon Chain Linear sequence of carbon and hydrogen atoms forming the backbone of fatty acids. Carboxylic Acid Group COOH functional group at one end of a fatty acid, contributing to its acidic properties. Saturated Fatty Acid Type of fatty acid with no double bonds, allowing tight packing and solid state at room temperature. Unsaturated Fatty Acid Fatty acid containing one or more double bonds, resulting in a bent structure and liquid state at room temperature. Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Unsaturated fatty acid with a single double bond, often found in plant-based oils. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Unsaturated fatty acid with multiple double bonds, commonly present in essential dietary fats. Cis Configuration Arrangement where hydrogens on a double bond are on the same side, causing a bend in the fatty acid chain. Trans Configuration Arrangement with hydrogens on opposite sides of a double bond, resulting in a straight chain and higher health risks. Essential Fatty Acid Fatty acid required in the diet because the body cannot synthesize it efficiently. Omega Carbon Terminal carbon atom in a fatty acid chain, farthest from the carboxylic acid group. Omega-3 Fatty Acid Essential fatty acid with a double bond three carbons from the omega carbon, important for health. Omega-6 Fatty Acid Essential fatty acid with a double bond six carbons from the omega carbon, found in many vegetable oils. Linoleic Acid Omega-6 fatty acid serving as a precursor for arachidonic acid and eicosanoids. Alpha-Linolenic Acid Omega-3 fatty acid acting as a precursor for EPA and DHA, found in plant sources.
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