Hunger, Satiety, and Hormones definitions Flashcards
Hunger, Satiety, and Hormones definitions
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Hunger Physiological drive for food intake, triggered by internal signals and distinct from the desire influenced by external cues. Satiety State of fullness signaling the body to stop eating, regulated by hormones and nutrient composition. Appetite Desire for food influenced by sensory experiences such as sight and smell, independent of physiological need. Hypothalamus Brain region integrating hormonal and neural signals to regulate hunger, satiety, and other basic functions. Feeding Center Area within the hypothalamus that, when activated, promotes the sensation of hunger. Satiety Center Area within the hypothalamus that, when activated, promotes the sensation of fullness. Hormone Chemical messenger released into the bloodstream, affecting target cells with specific receptors. Ghrelin Hormone released from the empty stomach, signaling the brain to stimulate hunger. Leptin Hormone produced by fat cells, signaling the brain to reduce hunger when energy stores are sufficient. Insulin Hormone from the pancreas that lowers blood glucose and signals satiety after eating. Cholecystokinin Hormone from the small intestine that promotes satiety and stimulates digestive fluid release. Glucagon Hormone from the pancreas that raises blood glucose by signaling the liver to release stored sugar. Endocrine System Body system composed of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream for widespread regulation. Nerve Cell Cell type detecting pressure in digestive organs and relaying fullness or emptiness signals to the brain. Fiber Indigestible plant material that increases fullness by adding bulk to the digestive tract.
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