Using Energy to Fuel Exercise definitions Flashcards
Using Energy to Fuel Exercise definitions
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Adenosine Triphosphate A molecule with three phosphate groups that stores and releases energy for cellular processes like muscle contraction. ATP CP System An anaerobic energy pathway using creatine phosphate to rapidly regenerate ATP for short, intense activity. Glycolysis An anaerobic process breaking down glucose into pyruvate, yielding a small, quick supply of ATP. Aerobic System An oxygen-dependent pathway producing large amounts of ATP from carbohydrates and fats during prolonged activity. Creatine Phosphate A high-energy compound stored in muscles, donating a phosphate to ADP for rapid ATP regeneration. Adenosine Diphosphate A molecule formed when ATP loses a phosphate group, ready to be converted back to ATP. Phosphate Group A chemical group transferred between molecules, central to ATP's energy storage and release. Anaerobic System An energy pathway operating without oxygen, providing quick but limited ATP for short-duration activities. Aerobic Metabolism A process using oxygen to convert nutrients into large amounts of ATP, supporting sustained exercise. Pyruvate A product of glycolysis that can enter aerobic metabolism or convert to lactate under anaerobic conditions. Lactate A molecule produced from pyruvate during anaerobic metabolism, which can be recycled into glucose by the liver. Glucose A carbohydrate broken down during glycolysis to provide energy for muscle activity. Carbohydrates Nutrients serving as a primary fuel source for both anaerobic and aerobic energy systems, especially at higher intensities. Fats Nutrients metabolized aerobically, providing sustained energy during low-intensity, long-duration exercise. Muscle Contraction A biological process powered by ATP, enabling movement and exercise.
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