Study Guide for Exam #1 – Developmental Disabilities and Personal Health

Q1. What is a Developmental Disability? What kind of an impact does it have? What major life activities may be limited?

Background

Topic: Developmental Disabilities & Impact on Health

This question tests your understanding of what constitutes a developmental disability, its effects on daily life, and which major life activities may be affected.

Key Terms:

• Developmental Disability: A chronic condition due to mental or physical impairments, usually manifesting before age 22.

• Major Life Activities: Activities such as self-care, mobility, communication, learning, and independent living.

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. Start by defining "developmental disability" using the criteria of onset, chronicity, and impact on functioning.

2. Identify the types of impairments (physical, cognitive, or both) that may be involved.

3. List examples of major life activities that could be limited, such as self-care, communication, or learning.

4. Consider how these limitations might affect a person's health, independence, and participation in society.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!

Q2. What are types of developmental disabilities?

Background

Topic: Types of Developmental Disabilities

This question asks you to identify and categorize different developmental disabilities.

Key Terms:

• Examples: Intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, etc.

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. Recall the definition of developmental disabilities from the previous question.

2. List several common types, noting their main features or symptoms.

3. Group them by physical, cognitive, or mixed impairments.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!

Q3. What is an Intellectual Disability?

Background

Topic: Intellectual Disability

This question tests your ability to define intellectual disability and understand its diagnostic criteria.

Key Terms:

• Intellectual Disability: Characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior.

• Adaptive Behavior: Skills needed for daily living, such as communication, self-care, and social skills.

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. Define intellectual disability, focusing on both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior.

2. Describe how it is diagnosed (e.g., standardized tests, age of onset).

3. Explain how intellectual disability differs from other developmental disabilities.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!

Q4. What are the levels of Intellectual Disabilities and in which order? (Lowest to highest)

Background

Topic: Levels of Intellectual Disability

This question asks you to identify and order the levels of intellectual disability based on severity.

Key Terms:

• Levels: Mild, Moderate, Severe, Profound

• Severity is often determined by IQ scores and adaptive functioning.

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. List the four levels of intellectual disability.

2. Order them from lowest to highest severity.

3. Briefly describe the characteristics of each level.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!

Q5. What are the IQ ranges of severity (mild, moderate, severe, profound) in intellectual disability?

Background

Topic: IQ Ranges in Intellectual Disability

This question tests your knowledge of how intellectual disability is classified by IQ scores.

Key Terms:

• IQ (Intelligence Quotient): A standardized score used to assess intellectual functioning.

• Severity levels: Mild, Moderate, Severe, Profound

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. Recall the four levels of intellectual disability.

2. Identify the typical IQ range for each level.

3. Explain how these ranges are used in diagnosis and classification.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!

Q6. How does the DSM V factor ID criteria into diagnosis? (Is there a change from previous?)

Background

Topic: DSM V and Intellectual Disability Diagnosis

This question asks about the role of the DSM V in diagnosing intellectual disability and any changes from previous editions.

Key Terms:

• DSM V: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition

• ID: Intellectual Disability

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. Describe the criteria for intellectual disability in DSM V.

2. Compare these criteria to those in previous editions (e.g., DSM IV).

3. Discuss any significant changes, such as increased emphasis on adaptive functioning.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!

Q7. What are the Models of Family Disability? Who is the client in these models?

Background

Topic: Family Disability Models

This question tests your understanding of different models for addressing disability within families and who is considered the "client" in each model.

Key Terms:

• Family Disability Models: Approaches to disability that consider the family as a unit.

• Client: The individual or group receiving services or interventions.

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. Identify the main models of family disability (e.g., individual, family-centered).

2. Describe who is considered the "client" in each model.

3. Discuss the implications for service delivery and health outcomes.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!

Q8. Who are the influential historical figures? What are they known for (per class discussion)?

Background

Topic: Historical Figures in Disability Studies

This question asks you to identify key historical figures and their contributions to the field of disability.

Key Terms:

• Examples: Philippe Pinel, Man-Board (Samuel Gridley Howe), Edouard Seguin, Dorothea Dix

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. List the historical figures mentioned in your class or study materials.

2. Briefly describe what each figure is known for in the context of disability history.

3. Connect their contributions to changes in disability care or policy.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!

Q9. What are the long-term purpose of institutions and how are they valued?

Background

Topic: Institutions in Disability Care

This question tests your understanding of the historical and current purposes of institutions for people with disabilities.

Key Terms:

• Institutions: Facilities providing care for people with disabilities, often long-term.

• Valuation: How society views and values these institutions.

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. Describe the original purpose of institutions for people with disabilities.

2. Discuss how their purpose and societal value have changed over time.

3. Consider the impact on health, independence, and community integration.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!

Q10. What are some examples of stigma?

Background

Topic: Stigma and Disability

This question asks you to identify examples of stigma faced by people with disabilities.

Key Terms:

• Stigma: Negative attitudes or discrimination based on disability.

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. Define stigma in the context of disability.

2. List examples of stigma, such as exclusion, stereotypes, or discrimination.

3. Discuss the impact of stigma on health and well-being.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!