Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the nephrons in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

They maintain and regulate fluid balance through selective reabsorption and secretion of water, electrolytes, and other substances.

Question 2

A patient is prescribed a diuretic. Which of the following changes in urine color should the nurse expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

Pale yellow urine

Question 3

A 70-year-old patient reports waking up multiple times at night to urinate. Which term best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

Nocturia

Question 4

Which of the following medications is most likely to cause orange to orange-red urine?

Accepted Answer

Pyridium

Question 5

A nurse is caring for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. What is the correct method for obtaining a urine specimen for culture?

Accepted Answer

Obtain the specimen directly from the catheter tubing using sterile technique.

Question 6

Which of the following is a common risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in older adults?

Accepted Answer

Use of indwelling urinary catheters

Question 7

A patient with diabetes mellitus is at increased risk for which urinary complication?

Accepted Answer

Urinary tract infection

Question 8

Which type of urinary incontinence is characterized by the continuous, unpredictable loss of urine?

Accepted Answer

Total incontinence

Question 9

A nurse is teaching a patient about strengthening muscle tone to promote urinary elimination. Which exercise should the nurse recommend?

Accepted Answer

Kegel exercises

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a reason for urinary catheterization?

Accepted Answer

Treating urinary tract infections

Question 11

A patient is prescribed amitriptyline. What color change in urine should the nurse educate the patient to expect?

Accepted Answer

Green or blue-green urine

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the process of micturition?

Accepted Answer

The bladder fills with urine and the detrusor muscle contracts, internal sphincter relaxes, and urine is expelled.

Question 13

A nurse is assessing a patient's urine and notes it is cloudy with a strong ammonia odor. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

The urine has been standing and bacterial action has occurred.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct step in measuring urinary output for a continent patient?

Accepted Answer

Pour urine into a calibrated container and read the measurement at eye level.

Question 15

A patient is experiencing involuntary loss of urine related to an increase in intra-abdominal pressure, such as when coughing or sneezing. Which type of incontinence is this?

Accepted Answer

Stress incontinence

Question 16

Which of the following is a planned patient goal for promoting urinary elimination?

Accepted Answer

Produce urine output about equal to fluid intake

Question 17

A patient with a history of urinary retention is at risk for which complication if the bladder is not emptied regularly?

Accepted Answer

Urinary stasis leading to infection

Question 18

Which of the following is a factor to consider when selecting absorbent products for urinary incontinence?

Accepted Answer

Patient's functional disability

Question 19

A patient is unable to void voluntarily and requires a sterile urine specimen. Which type of catheter is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Intermittent urethral catheter

Question 20

A nurse is caring for a patient with a urinary diversion. Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention?

Accepted Answer

Assess the stoma for color, moisture, and signs of infection.

Ch 38: Urinary System Overview

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