An electric dipole is an assembly of two equal opposite charges separated by a distance d. When placed in an electric field, the dipole has one stable orientation and the torque on that dipole for that orientation is zero. Does the dipole's electric field point in the same direction as the external electric field or oppose it?

Two tiny charged spheres charged to +q = +3.2 nC and -q = -3.2 nC are connected using a 4.2 mm long non-conducting rod to form an electric dipole. The arrangement is placed in a uniform electric field. The angle made by the electric field and the connecting rod is 40°. If the torque on the dipole is 6.3 × 10^-9 N•m, determine the magnitude of the electric field. Treat the tiny spheres like point charges.

An electric dipole is formed by two point charges of equal magnitude but opposite signs, ±q, separated by a distance s. The dipole is placed in a uniform electric field E at an angle θ with respect to the direction of the field. Determine an expression for the torque on the dipole in terms of dipole moment p and electric field E.