Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics definitions Flashcards
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics definitions
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Entropy A measure of randomness or disorder in a system, related to the spread of energy at the atomic level. Isothermal Process A thermodynamic process where the temperature remains constant throughout. Second Law of Thermodynamics States that the total entropy of a system or the universe can never decrease; it can only increase or remain constant. Heat Transfer The movement of thermal energy from a hotter object to a cooler one, increasing the entropy of the system. Kelvin The SI unit of temperature, used in thermodynamic equations to ensure consistency. Latent Heat of Fusion The heat required to change a substance from solid to liquid without changing its temperature. Phase Change A transition of matter from one state to another, such as from liquid to solid, involving energy transfer. Randomness The degree of disorder or unpredictability in a system, contributing to its entropy. Joules per Kelvin The unit of measurement for entropy, representing energy per unit temperature. Hot Reservoir A source of thermal energy at a higher temperature, often used in thermodynamic cycles. Cold Reservoir A sink for thermal energy at a lower temperature, receiving heat in thermodynamic processes. Delta S Symbol representing the change in entropy, calculated as heat transfer divided by temperature. Time's Arrow A concept describing the one-way direction of time, associated with the increase of entropy. Friction A force that opposes motion, generating heat and increasing the entropy of a system. Energy Spread The distribution of energy within a system, influencing its level of entropy.
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