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Ionic, Covalent, and Metallic Bonding in Atoms

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Terms in this set (20)

  • How do atoms become ions?
    Atoms become ions by gaining or losing electrons to achieve a full outer electron shell, resulting in a charged particle.
  • Why do atoms form ions?
    Atoms form ions to reach a more stable electron configuration, usually a full outer shell like that of noble gases.
  • What is ionic bonding?
    Ionic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between positively charged cations and negatively charged anions formed by electron transfer.
  • How does ionic bonding happen?
    Ionic bonding happens when one atom donates electrons to another, creating oppositely charged ions that attract each other.
  • Why does ionic bonding occur?
    Ionic bonding occurs because atoms achieve stable electron configurations by transferring electrons, resulting in strong electrostatic forces.
  • What is covalent bonding?
    Covalent bonding is the sharing of electron pairs between atoms to fill their outer shells and achieve stability.
  • How does covalent bonding happen?
    Covalent bonding happens when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons instead of transferring them.
  • Why do atoms form covalent bonds?
    Atoms form covalent bonds to complete their outer electron shells by sharing electrons, leading to molecule formation.
  • What is metallic bonding?
    Metallic bonding is the attraction between metal cations and a 'sea' of delocalized electrons that move freely.
  • How does metallic bonding happen?
    Metallic bonding happens when metal atoms release some electrons to form a lattice of positive ions surrounded by delocalized electrons.
  • Why does metallic bonding occur?
    Metallic bonding occurs because the delocalized electrons hold the metal ions together, giving metals their properties.
  • What charge do atoms have after losing electrons?
    Atoms that lose electrons become positively charged ions called cations.
  • What charge do atoms have after gaining electrons?
    Atoms that gain electrons become negatively charged ions called anions.
  • What type of elements typically form cations?
    Metal elements typically form cations by losing electrons.
  • What type of elements typically form anions?
    Non-metal elements typically form anions by gaining electrons.
  • What is the role of electron transfer in ionic bonding?
    Electron transfer creates ions with opposite charges that attract each other, forming ionic bonds.
  • How does electron sharing differ from electron transfer?
    Electron sharing involves atoms jointly holding electrons, while electron transfer involves one atom giving electrons to another.
  • What property of metals is explained by metallic bonding?
    Metallic bonding explains metals' conductivity, malleability, and luster due to delocalized electrons.
  • Why are ionic compounds usually solid at room temperature?
    Ionic compounds are solid because strong electrostatic forces between ions create a rigid lattice structure.
  • How does covalent bonding affect molecule formation?
    Covalent bonding forms discrete molecules by sharing electrons between specific atoms.