Precalculus-Related Topics from UFF First Semester Common Disciplines

Fundamental Concepts of Algebra

Algebraic Expressions and Notation

This section introduces basic algebraic notation and expressions, which are foundational for precalculus studies.

• Variables and Exponents: The use of variables (e.g., x) and exponents (e.g., $x^2$, $x^3$) is essential for expressing polynomial and rational functions.

• Polynomial Terms: Terms such as $x^2$ and $x^3$ represent powers of x, which are used in constructing polynomial functions.

• Example: The expression $x^2 + x^3$ is a polynomial of degree 3.

Limits & Continuity

Introduction to Limits

Limits are a fundamental concept in calculus and precalculus, used to describe the behavior of functions as inputs approach specific values.

• Definition: The limit of a function f(x) as x approaches a value a is the value that f(x) gets closer to as x gets closer to a.

• Notation: $\lim_{x \to a} f(x)$

• Example: $\lim_{x \to 0} x^2 = 0$

Intro to Derivatives & Area Under the Curve

Basic Concepts of Derivatives

Derivatives measure the rate at which a function changes as its input changes. This is a key topic in calculus and is introduced in precalculus courses.

• Definition: The derivative of a function f(x) at a point x is the slope of the tangent line to the graph at that point.

• Notation: $f'(x)$ or $\frac{df}{dx}$

• Example: If $f(x) = x^2$, then $f'(x) = 2x$

Additional info:

• The document also references other subjects (Chemistry, Programming, etc.), but only the mathematics-related topics (functions, limits, continuity, derivatives, Taylor formulas, and antiderivatives) are relevant to precalculus.

• Some content (e.g., Taylor formulas, antiderivatives) is more advanced but often introduced in the context of precalculus or introductory calculus.