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Introduction to Psychology: Biology and Psychology Basics

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What is the scientific method in psychology?
    A systematic process of asking questions, gathering evidence, drawing conclusions, and developing or modifying theories.
  • Why is research on treatment outcomes important in psychology?
    It allows psychologists to determine whether treatments are supported by evidence.
  • What does a negative correlation between two variables mean?
    When one variable increases, the other decreases.
  • What is it called when there is no relationship between two variables?
    The variables are said to be uncorrelated.
  • What is the numerical representation of the strength of a correlation?
    It is called the correlation coefficient.
  • What does 'Two-Eyed Seeing' refer to in research?
    Using both Indigenous ways of knowing and Western scientific approaches together, valuing the strengths of both.
  • What is Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR)?
    A research approach where the researcher works collaboratively with community members throughout the process.
  • What is a major criticism of historical research with Indigenous peoples?
    Research was often done on Indigenous people rather than with them.
  • Which research approach best addresses historical criticisms in Indigenous research?
    Developing research questions, methods, and interpretation in collaboration with the community.
  • What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
    The Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
  • What does the Peripheral Nervous System include?
    The somatic system (voluntary movement) and the autonomic system (involuntary movement).
  • What are the two parts of the autonomic nervous system?
    The sympathetic system (fight or flight) and the parasympathetic system (rest and digest).
  • What is the role of the limbic system?
    It regulates memory, learning, motivation, rewards, homeostasis, and emotional responses.
  • How can understanding the brain help healthcare professionals?
    It can reduce shame and stigma and improve coping strategies.
  • What are the three layers of the brain commonly described as?
    Cortex (primate brain), subcortical (mouse brain), and brain stem/cerebellum (reptilian brain).
  • What is brain plasticity?
    The brain's ability to adapt and change throughout the lifespan.
  • Give an example of brain plasticity in humans.
    Taxi drivers have a larger hippocampus compared to non-taxi drivers due to spatial navigation experience.
  • What did Hebb (1949) propose about learning and the brain?
    Information is stored in the synapse, which strengthens with repeated stimulation.
  • What are maladaptive effects of neuroplasticity?
    Repeated exposure to chronic stress, trauma, or addictive substances can cause harmful brain changes.
  • What nervous system activates the 'fight or flight' response?
    The sympathetic nervous system.