Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the myelin sheath in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

It increases the speed of action potential conduction along the axon.

Question 2

A patient is exposed to botulinum toxin. Which of the following best describes the effect on neural communication?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine release is prevented, leading to muscle paralysis.

Question 3

Which brain imaging technique is most appropriate for measuring brain activity during a cognitive task?

Accepted Answer

Positron Emission Tomography (PET scan)

Question 4

During the resting potential, the inside of a neuron is approximately how many millivolts relative to the outside?

Accepted Answer

$$-70\ \mathrm{mV}$$

Question 5

Which division of the nervous system is primarily responsible for the 'fight or flight' response?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

Question 6

A person with a severed corpus callosum is shown an object in their left visual field. Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

They cannot verbally name the object but can draw it with their left hand.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why cocaine and amphetamine prolong the effects of neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft?

Accepted Answer

They prevent the reuptake of neurotransmitters into the presynaptic neuron.

Question 8

Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for processing visual information?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the sequence of events during an action potential?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization, return to resting potential

Question 10

Which neurotransmitter is most directly involved in muscle contraction at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 11

A runner experiences a 'high' after a long run. Which endogenous substance is most likely responsible for this sensation?

Accepted Answer

Endorphins

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct pairing of brain structure and its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Thalamus – sensory relay station

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the effect of curare on synaptic transmission?

Accepted Answer

It blocks acetylcholine receptors, preventing muscle contraction.

Question 14

Which brain scan technique uses powerful magnets to measure brain structure by realigning hydrogen atoms?

Accepted Answer

MRI

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the parasympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It generally inhibits or slows down organ activity to promote rest and digestion.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of the sensory cortex?

Accepted Answer

It processes incoming sensory information from the body.

Question 17

A person faints at the sight of blood due to a phobia. Which nervous system division is most likely responsible for this reaction?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic division

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct order of information flow in a typical neuron?

Accepted Answer

Dendrite → Cell body → Axon

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why left-handedness was once thought to be associated with shorter lifespan, and what do more recent studies suggest?

Accepted Answer

Cultural pressures and reporting biases influenced earlier findings; recent studies show no difference in longevity.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the corpus callosum?

Accepted Answer

It connects the two cerebral hemispheres, allowing communication between them.

Biological Psychology: Nervous System, Neurons, and Brain Structure

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