Question 1

Which of the following is a characteristic of poor research, as discussed in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Appeal to authority without supporting data

Question 2

A weight loss commercial claims, 'Thousands have lost weight using our product!' Which characteristic of poor research does this best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Anecdotal evidence

Question 3

Why is it important for research hypotheses to be falsifiable?

Accepted Answer

It allows the hypothesis to be tested and potentially disproven.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of Research Ethics Boards (REBs)?

Accepted Answer

Publishing research findings in academic journals

Question 5

A researcher wants to study the effects of a new teaching method. Students are randomly assigned to either the new method or the traditional method. What is the independent variable in this study?

Accepted Answer

The type of teaching method used

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'statistical significance' in hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

The mean differences between groups are greater than what would be expected by random chance alone.

Question 7

In the context of research ethics, what is the main purpose of informed consent?

Accepted Answer

To provide participants with enough information to decide whether to participate

Question 8

Which of the following is a key difference between anonymity and confidentiality in research?

Accepted Answer

Confidentiality means researchers cannot share specific data, but anonymity means participants' identities are not linked to their data.

Question 9

A researcher finds a p-value of $$p = 0.03$$ when comparing two groups. What does this indicate about the results?

Accepted Answer

The results are statistically significant at the $$p \u003c 0.05$$ level.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of a biased selection of data?

Accepted Answer

Selecting only data that supports the researcher's hypothesis

Question 11

Refer to the graph showing income distribution with mode = $$30,000$$, median = $$50,000$$, and mean = $$65,000. $$What does this indicate about the distribution?

Accepted Answer

The distribution is positively skewed.

Question 12

Why is replication important in scientific research?

Accepted Answer

It helps confirm the reliability and validity of findings.

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic of quality scientific research?

Accepted Answer

Can be replicated by others

Question 14

A study finds that participants who are allowed to text message have a mean test score of $$78$$, while those who are not allowed have a mean score of $$81. If $$the difference is not statistically significant, what is the most likely conclusion?

Accepted Answer

The difference in scores could be due to random chance.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of peer review in scientific research?

Accepted Answer

It evaluates the quality and validity of research before publication.

Question 16

In a normal distribution, which measure of central tendency is most likely to be equal to the others?

Accepted Answer

All three (mean, median, and mode)

Question 17

Which of the following is an ethical requirement for the use of animals in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

Risk and discomfort must be managed humanely and justified.

Question 18

A researcher only reports data that supports their hypothesis and ignores data that does not. Which scientific misconduct is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Biased selection of data

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the null hypothesis in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

It states that differences between groups are due to chance.

Question 20

If a study's results are made public and can be replicated by other researchers, which characteristic of quality scientific research does this demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

Transparency and replicability

Chapter 2: second part

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards