Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between a positive and a negative correlation in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A positive correlation means as one variable increases, the other also increases; a negative correlation means as one variable increases, the other decreases.

Question 2

A researcher wants to study the effect of sleep deprivation on memory recall. She randomly assigns participants to either a sleep deprivation group or a control group and measures their recall performance. Which research method is she using?

Accepted Answer

Experiment

Question 3

Which brain structure is primarily responsible for regulating basic survival functions such as heartbeat and breathing?

Accepted Answer

Medulla (part of the brainstem)

Question 4

According to the restorative theory of sleep, why do humans need to sleep?

Accepted Answer

To restore and repair the body and mind

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A dog salivates when it hears a bell that has been repeatedly paired with food.

Question 6

A psychologist wants to ensure her sample accurately reflects the population she is studying. Which type of sample should she use?

Accepted Answer

Random sample

Question 7

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of chunking as a memory strategy?

Accepted Answer

Grouping a long string of numbers into sets, such as 123-456-7890

Question 8

Which sleep disorder is characterized by sudden, uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the day?

Accepted Answer

Narcolepsy

Question 9

A child who understands that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight has developed which of Piaget's cognitive milestones?

Accepted Answer

Object permanence

Question 10

Which of the following is a key difference between sensation and perception?

Accepted Answer

Sensation is the process of detecting environmental stimuli, while perception is the process of interpreting those stimuli.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a confounding variable in an experiment testing the effect of a new drug on anxiety?

Accepted Answer

Some participants also receive therapy while others do not.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of the myelin sheath in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

It insulates the axon and speeds up neural transmission.

Question 13

A person who has difficulty remembering events that occurred before a head injury is experiencing which type of amnesia?

Accepted Answer

Retrograde amnesia

Question 14

Which of the following is a primary goal of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?

Accepted Answer

To change maladaptive patterns of thinking and behavior

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a fixed-ratio reinforcement schedule?

Accepted Answer

A worker is paid after assembling 10 products.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the biopsychosocial perspective on psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

Disorders result from the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors.

Question 17

Which of the following medicines is most commonly prescribed for depression and works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

Question 18

A person who is unable to recognize faces but can recognize objects likely has damage to which lobe of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Temporal lobe

Question 19

Which of the following is a key advantage of group therapy compared to individual therapy?

Accepted Answer

It provides opportunities for social support and learning from others' experiences.

Question 20

A child who cries when their caregiver leaves but is quickly comforted upon their return is displaying which type of attachment?

Accepted Answer

Secure attachment

Comprehensive Psychology Final Exam Review Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards